The Sixteen Thirty Fund (sometimes styled “1630 Fund”) is a 501(c)(4) advocacy organization founded in 2008. The group says it “promotes social welfare by conducting public education, advocacy, and other campaigns to support progressive policies.” [1]
The group operates quietly, using its funds to provide grants to progressive organizations—a practice criticized as “dark money.” [2] In 2015, the fund provided millions in grants to 29 different organizations. That year, Sixteen Thirty Fund’s largest grant—exceeding $1.9 million—went to the League of Conservation Voters Education Fund, the “educational” arm of the League of Conservation Voters, an organization activating and rallying environmentalists to political activism. [3]
Sixteen Thirty Fund often operates alongside its 501(c)(3) “sister” nonprofit New Venture Fund, which provides similar funding and fiscal sponsorship services to center-left organizations. Both groups are administered by Arabella Advisors, a Washington, D.C.-based philanthropy consulting firm that caters to left-leaning clients. Sixteen Thirty Fund’s board of directors is primarily composed of officers from Arabella Advisors, including the firm’s principal Eric Kessler. Eric Kessler is a founder and principal of Arabella Advisors, an investment firm which aims to “help families, corporations and foundations improve the world through philanthropy and impact investing.” [4] The Hopewell Fund and Windward Fund are also 501(c)(3) nonprofits managed by Arabella Advisors that work closely with NVF and Sixteen Thirty Fund.
Both Sixteen Thirty Fund and New Venture Fund have been criticized as “dark money” organizations, serving as a way for left-leaning groups to anonymously funnel money toward various advocacy issues, such as attacking vulnerable Republicans or pushing state-level environmental restrictions. [5]
The Sixteen Thirty Fund has been characterized as one of the “key groups founded to resist Trump” by the left-leaning Atlantic. [6]
Low-Profile Funding Activities
The Sixteen Thirty Fund keeps a low profile compared with comparable nonprofit organizations. The organization boasts a one-page website, no Facebook page and no Twitter account. The fund has received little news coverage in the past few years. What little press coverage to be found centered on the 2013 effort to recall Democratic sate legislators in Colorado over their votes on a controversial gun-control measure.
That year, Sixteen Thirty Fund donated $35,000 to a Colorado group founded to defended Democratic state Sen. Angela Giron (D-Pueblo) from a recall effort over her votes for more gun control in the state. [7] Giron lost the effort after only 44 percent voted to retain her. [8] During the same recall effort, Sixteen Thirty Fund donated another $35,000 to a group supporting Colorado state Sen. John Morse (D-Colorado Springs), who also supported stricter gun control. [9] Morse also lost the recall vote when 51 percent voted to oust him. [10]
In 2017, the Washington Free Beacon tied the Sixteen Thirty Fund to progressive efforts to hide big money fueling criticism of President Donald Trump’s nominees to several Cabinet-level posts. Targeted nominees included businessman Andy Puzder (who would later withdraw as nominee for Secretary of Labor) and Steven Mnuchin (later confirmed as Secretary of the Treasury). [11]
Another publication, Tax Analysts, noticed Sixteen Thirty Fund’s financial support for “Tax March” rallies planned to protest President Trump’s unwillingness to release his tax returns. It is unclear how much Sixteen Thirty Fund contributed to the march. [12]
Ballot Initiatives
On September 4, 2018, the Missouri-based Kansas City Star reported a $3 million donation from Sixteen Thirty Fund to Raise Up Missouri, a left-wing PAC seeking to raise the state’s minimum wage to $12 per hour through a 2018 ballot initiative. Sixteen Thirty Fund also reportedly gave $500,000 to the PAC in 2017, and an additional $500,000 to it in May 2018. [13]
2018 Midterm Election
The Sixteen Thirty Fund spent approximately $740,000 in independent expenditures and electioneering communications during the 2018 midterm election.[14]
| Sixteen Thirty Fund: 2018 Midterm Outside Spending | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sum: | $740,091 | |
| Sixteen Thirty Fund Project | Amount | Expenditure Type |
| Demand Justice | $317,696 | Electioneering Communications |
| Floridians for a Fair Shake | $286,113 | Electioneering Communications |
| Floridians for a Fair Shake | $7,537 | Independent Expenditure |
| SoCal Healthcare Coalition | $120,149 | Electioneering Communications |
| SoCal Healthcare Coalition | $5,875 | Independent Expenditure |
| Ohioans for Economic Opportunity | $2,721 | Independent Expenditure |
Leadership
Eric Kessler, a former Clinton administration environmental policy staffer who also serves as principal of liberal philanthropic and investment strategy firm Arabella Advisors, is president of Sixteen Thirty Fund. [15] He additionally serves as the board chair for the New Venture Fund. [16] More than 100 progressive organizations boast connections to Kessler and the New Venture Fund. [17]
Board of Directors
In 2016 and 2017, the Sixteen Thirty Fund board of directors consists of Arabella Advisors principal Eric Kessler, Albright Stonebridge Group senior advisor Michael Madnik, Democratic Party consultant and former Hillary Clinton 2008 campaign spokesman Douglas Hattaway, Arabella Advisors chief financial officer Wilbur Priester, and Arabella Advisors general counsel Andrew Schulz. [18] [19]
Funding
The Sixteen Thirty Fund’s revenues grew 1,547 percent between 2009 and 2017.
In 2017, the Sixteen Thirty Fund reported revenues of nearly $79.6 million, expenditures of $46.9 million, and net assets of $39.9 million. [20] This represented a growth of 274 percent in revenues from 2016 to 2017.
In 2016, the Sixteen Thirty Fund reported revenues of $21.3 million, expenditures of $19.7 million, and net assets of $7.2 million. [21]
In 2009, the Sixteen Thirty Fund reported revenues of $4.8 million, expenditures of $4.4 million, and net assets totaling $447,394. [22]
Sources of Funding
The Washington Free Beacon reported that the Sixteen Thirty Fund received $860,000 from four labor unions in 2015 and 2016, including the AFL-CIO and the National Education Association. [23]
Sixteen Thirty Fund also received over $4.5 million from the Atlantic Philanthropies, a now-defunct Bermuda-based philanthropic enterprise that funded left-of-center organizations. [24] Other known funders of Sixteen Thirty include the Tides Foundation. [25]
Grants
While the Sixteen Thirty Fund primarily provides incubation (or fiscal sponsorship) services, it also pays out millions of dollars in grants each year.
In 2017, the Sixteen Thirty Fund paid $13,319,818 in grants: [26]
| Sixteen Thirty Fund Grantees (2017) | Amount |
|---|---|
| Sum | $13,319,818 |
| League of Conservation Voters | $3,850,000 |
| Partnership Project Action Fund | $1,160,000 |
| Environment America | $1,100,000 |
| Mainers for Health Care | $800,000 |
| Natural Resource Defense Council Action Fund | $750,000 |
| Raise Up Missouri | $500,000 |
| Michigan Time to Care | $400,000 |
| New Venture Fund | $313,722 |
| American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network | $310,846 |
| Virginia New Majority | $285,196 |
| BlackPAC | $225,463 |
| Progress Now | $221,500 |
| New Jersey Working Families Alliance | $215,000 |
| Maine People's Alliance | $215,000 |
| Black Progressive Action Coalition | $200,000 |
| MoveOn.org Civiv Action | $170,000 |
| ColorOfChange.org | $150,000 |
| New Florida Majority | $150,000 |
| Organizing for Action | $150,000 |
| Black Leadership Organizing Collaborative | $150,000 |
| Raise Up Massachusetts | $110,000 |
| Center for American Progress Action Fund | $110,000 |
| Kingdom Mission Society | $105,000 |
| Fair Share | $100,000 |
| Our Revolution | $100,000 |
| National Institute for Reproductive Health Action Fund | $100,000 |
| Faith in Public Life Action Fund | $98,000 |
| Working Families Organization | $90,000 |
| California Calls Action Fund | $75,000 |
| Center for Gender and Racial Equity | $75,000 |
| Citizen Action of New York | $65,000 |
| Citizen Action of New Jersey | $65,000 |
| MomsRising Together | $65,000 |
| Mijente | $50,000 |
| America Votes | $50,000 |
| Advance North carolina Inc. | $50,000 |
| West Virginia Citizen Action Group | $50,000 |
| NEO Philanthropy Action | $41,907 |
| Progressive Leadership Alliance of Nevada Action Fund | $40,000 |
| Promise Arizona in Action | $40,000 |
| Arizona Wins | $30,196 |
| Citizen Action of Wisconsin | $30,000 |
| Center for Community Change Action | $28,000 |
| Texas Organizing Project | $25,000 |
| Action NC | $25,000 |
| Citizen Action Illinois | $25,000 |
| Missouri Jobs With Justice Voter Action | $25,000 |
| Arkansas Community Organizations | $25,000 |
| TakeAction Minnesota | $25,000 |
| Rights and Democracy Project | $25,000 |
| Organize Now Inc. | $25,000 |
| Washington Community Action Network Education and Research Fund | $25,000 |
| Delawareans for Social and Economic Justice | $25,000 |
| Bread for the World | $25,000 |
| Freedman Boyd Hollander Goldberg Urias and Ward PA | $24,225 |
| Arizonans for Fair Wage and Healthy Families | $20,000 |
| Missouri Impact Inc. | $15,000 |
| Pennsylvania Health Access Fund | $15,000 |
| Ballot Initiative Strategy Center Inc. | $15,000 |
| Tennessee Citizen Alliance | $15,000 |
| ProgressNow Education | $15,000 |
| South Carolina Small Business Chamber of Commerce | $10,500 |
| Network | $10,000 |
| US Black Chambers Inc. | $8,000 |
| The Hopewell Fund | $6,549 |
| Battle Born Progress | $5,714 |
In 2016, the Sixteen Thirty Fund paid $14,482,590 in grants: [27]
| Sixteen Thirty Fund Grantees (2016) | Amount |
|---|---|
| Sum | $14,482,590 |
| 350.org Action Fund | $100,000 |
| Advance North Carolina Inc. | $100,000 |
| Alaska Conservation Voters | $47,500 |
| All Hands on Deck Nework Inc. | $18,000 |
| America Votes | $400,000 |
| Americans United for Change | $98,860 |
| Arizonans for Fair Wage and Healthy Families | $190,000 |
| Black Leadership Organizing Collaborative | $100,000 |
| Bus Federation Civic Fund | $25,000 |
| Business Council of Alabama | $30,000 |
| Center for American Progress Action Fund | $12,5000 |
| Center for Community Change Action | $975,000 |
| Center for Popular Democracy Action Fund | $37,000 |
| Center for Racial and Gender Equity | $50,000 |
| Citizen Action of Wisconsin Inc. | $20,000 |
| Civic Participation Action Fund | $1,100,000 |
| Colorado Families for a Fair Wage | $22,4500 |
| colorofchange.org | $100,000 |
| Community Organizations in Action | $25,917 |
| Democratic Governors Association | $20,000 |
| Emerge Wisconsin | $35,000 |
| Environement America | $1,100,000 |
| Environmental Advocates of New York | $10,000 |
| Environmental Defense Action Fund | $1,500,000 |
| Every Voice | $990,000 |
| Fight for the Future Education Fund | $5,000 |
| For Our Future Action Fund | $600,000 |
| Free Press Action Fund | $20,000 |
| Freeman Boyd Hollander Goldberg Urias and Ward PA | $22,500 |
| Freedom for all Americans | $37,326 |
| Greater Wisconsin Committee Inc. | $207,750 |
| House Majority PAC | $25,000 |
| Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law | $25,000 |
| LCV Political Engagement Fund | $50,000 |
| Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights | $49,000 |
| League of Conservation Voters | $1,300,000 |
| Living United for Change in Arizona | $20,000 |
| Maine People's Alliance | $10,000 |
| Majority Forward | $500,000 |
| Make North Carolina First | $50,000 |
| Media Matters Action Network | $429,000 |
| New Florida Majority Action Fund | $100,000 |
| New Futures Fund | $25,000 |
| New Venture Fund | $379,964 |
| NILC Immigrant Justice Fund | $25,000 |
| No On U | $6,000 |
| Ohio Organizing Campaign | $50,000 |
| One Wisconsin Now Inc. | $14,000 |
| Organize Now Inc. | $116,900 |
| Partnership Project Action Fund | $1,120,000 |
| People for the American Way | $11,073 |
| Planned Parenthood Advocates of Wisconsn Inc. | $20,000 |
| Progressive Agenda Committee | $48,500 |
| ProgressNow | $15,000 |
| Raise Up Washington | $10,000 |
| Represent.Us | $150,000 |
| Sierra Club | $1,000,000 |
| South Dakota for Responsible Lending | $9,800 |
| State Engagement Fund | $250,000 |
| US Global Leadership Campaign | $25,000 |
| Virginia New Majority | $120,000 |
| Voter Access Institute | $50,000 |
| We Are Wisconsin Inc. | $14,000 |
| Wisconsin League of Conservation Voters | $20,000 |
| Wisconsin Progress | $100,000 |
| Woring Families Organization | $20,000 |
| Working Families Party National Independent Expenditure Committee | $10,000 |
In 2015, the Sixteen Thirty Fund paid $6,279,578 in grants: [28]
| Sixteen Thirty Fund Grantees (2015) | Amount |
|---|---|
| Sum | $6,279,578 |
| 350.org Action | $75,000 |
| Americans for Tax Fairness | $100,000 |
| Bread for the World | $12,500 |
| Center for Community Change (CCC) Action | $610,000 |
| Center for Rights in Action | $50,000 |
| Church World Service | $12,500 |
| Citizen Action of Wisconsin | $14,000 |
| Color of Change | $40,000 |
| Color of Change Education Fund | $75,000 |
| Demand Progress Action (fiscally sponsored by Sixteen Thirty Fund) | $55,000 |
| Earth Day Network | $50,000 |
| Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) | $675,000 |
| Fair Share | $550,000 |
| Free Press Action Fund | $125,000 |
| Freedom for All Americans | $75,000 |
| League of Conservation Voters (LCV) | $1,925,000 |
| Louisiana Federation for Children PAC | $70,000 |
| New Progressive Network | $13,000 |
| Northwest Health Foundation | $10,000 |
| One Nation Forward | $5,000 |
| Pineros Campesinos Unidos Del | $20,000 |
| Planned Parenthood Advocates of Wisconsin | $14,000 |
| Presente Action | $20,000 |
| Stand for Children | $80,000 |
| Sumofus | $25,000 |
| Partnership Project Action Fund | $1,450,000 |
| The Public Investigator | $28,578 |
| United Working Families | $75,000 |
| US Global Leadership Campaign | $25,000 |
Consulting and Management Fees
In 2017, the Sixteen Thirty Fund paid its highest contractor, SKDKnickerbocker for $7.1 million. The other highest contractors for that year include Buying Time LLC, which received $3.7 million; Arabella Advisors for $2.1 million; Ethica Media for $1.7 million; and Revolution Messaging for $1.3 million. [29]
In 2016, the Sixteen Thirty Fund paid $400,000 in consulting fees to the left-wing Democracy Alliance. [30] It also hired Arabella Advisors, which was paid $789,891 in consulting fees; SKDKnickerbocker for $268,944; Block By Block, Inc. for $527,950; and Precision Strategies for $435,141. [31]
Between 2009 and 2017, Sixteen Thirty Fund paid $5,391,629 to contractors. [32]
| Sixteen Thirty Fund Contractors | |
|---|---|
| Sum | $21,292,199 |
| Contractor | Total (2009-2017) |
| SKDKnickerbocker | $7,343,936 |
| Buying Time LLC | $3,731,790 |
| Arabella Advisors | $3,639,796 |
| Ethica Media LLC | $1,739,975 |
| Revolution Messaging LLC | $1,287,619 |
| Block By Block Inc | $527,950 |
| K&L Gates | $450,740 |
| Precision Strategies | $435,141 |
| Democracy Alliance | $400,000 |
| Information Staffing Services | $339,548 |
| US Action | $264,500 |
| Freedman Consulting LLC | $235,000 |
| Arabella Philanthropic Investment | $162,604 |
| Community Organizations in Action | $151,500 |
| Americans for Democratic Action | $132,500 |
| Jochum Shore & Trossevin PC | $126,000 |
| Seligman Consulting | $108,350 |
| The Konkurrenz Group | $108,000 |
| The Atlas Project | $107,250 |
Financial Documents
The Sixteen Thirty Fund’s Application for Recognition of Exemption (Form 1024) was filed with the IRS on August 31, 2009, and is available here.
The Sixteen Thirty Fund’s IRS Form 990 filings for 2016 and 2017 were obtained by the Capital Research Center and are available here:
The Sixteen Thirty Fund’s lobbying disclosure (LD-2) form is available here.