The National Democratic Redistricting Committee (NDRC) is a Democratic Party PAC (political action committee) conceived in late 2016 by political operatives in the Democratic Party and the Obama administration, including President Barack Obama and former Attorney General Eric Holder. It officially launched on January 12, 2017. ¹

The NDRC serves as a “strategic hub for a comprehensive redistricting strategy” for Democrats in congressional elections in response to Republican control of the U.S. House of Representatives following the 2010 through the 2018 midterm elections. The PAC’s leadership claims these Republican victories are the result of what it deems Republican “gerrymandering” efforts in congressional districts, meaning congressional districts that are intentionally drawn to favor one political party over another. ²

NDRC is headed by Eric Holder, who served as attorney general during the Obama administration. In 2012, Holder was held in contempt of Congress for his role in the so-called Fast and Furious investigation. ³ The PAC’s leadership also consists of alumni from Democratic Party PACs, including the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC), Democratic Governors Association (DGA), and Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee (DSCC).

The PAC is associated with the National Redistricting Foundation, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, and the National Redistricting Action Fund, a 501(c)(4) advocacy group. ⁴

Background

The National Democratic Redistricting Committee and its sister organizations were created in response to Republican victories at the state legislative and Congressional level during the Obama administration. Between President Obama’s victory in the 2008 presidential election and the end of his second term in January 2017, the Democratic Party lost control of nearly 1,000 state legislative, gubernatorial, and congressional seats, including 23 governorships, 33 state senates, and 32 state houses. ⁵

The Republican Party gained a majority in the U.S. House of Representatives following the 2010 midterm elections. After the 2010 decennial census and the subsequent round of redistricting in 2011, Republicans maintained control of the lower house in the 2012, 2014, and 2016 elections. This led some Democrats like Holder to accuse Republicans of “gerrymandering”—unfairly manipulating the redistricting process in state congressional and legislative races—to favor Republicans in post-2011 elections.

Ideological Vision

As a 527 political action committee (PAC), the NDRC pursues a partisan mission of electing Democrats to public office (objectives its nonprofit affiliates are more restricted in engaging in). NDRC’s overtly partisan mission is often couched in “nonpartisan” language. According to a July 2017 op-ed in CNN written by Holder, NDRC was created to fix a “broken” Congress, which has “become unbound to the ‘great mass of the people’” it was created to represent due to supposedly unfair district boundaries created by Republicans after the 2010 census and 2011 redistricting efforts. Holder argues that, by aiding Democrats in future elections, they can redraw district boundaries in 2020-2021 that are more favorable. ⁶

Formation

The NDRC boasts it is the “first organization of its kind: A Democratic group that brings together major party organizations on a multi-cycle, state-by-state redistricting strategy ahead of the 2020 Census.” ⁷

It’s unclear when the NDRC was first proposed, but a fundraising pitch to roughly 50 major liberal donors by individuals closely connected with the Obama administration surfaced in the July 2016 Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia. The pitch was reportedly led by then-Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe, Connecticut Gov. Dannel Malloy, Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee chair Rep. Ben Ray Lujan, and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi. ⁸

Participants in the initial fundraising pitch reportedly included representatives from AFSCME, the AFL-CIO, the National Education Association, EMILY’s List, Planned Parenthood, the League of Conservation Voters, the Sierra Club, and America Votes. Members of the Democratic Governors Association, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, the Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee, and the Democratic-aligned House Majority PAC were also present. ⁹

From the start, the project that became NDRC was deeply connected with top Democratic Party leadership. During the Democratic National Convention in July 2016, Politico reported that then-President Obama was “fully briefed on this [the NDRC fundraiser] and he is 100 percent committed, both in the short term and after he leaves office,” according to Mitch Stewart, a Democratic consultant who served as battleground states director on Obama’s 2012 reelection campaign. (Stewart is a board member for the National Redistricting Foundation, an NDRC-affiliated nonprofit.) ¹⁰ Then-White House political director David Simas further reported to Politico that “literally every entity that’s involved in Democratic or progressive politics has been briefed and is supportive — that includes the [Hillary] Clinton campaign.” ¹¹

Tactics

The NDRC uses a number of approaches to influence 2021 redistricting efforts and elect Democratic politicians to state and federal legislatures: supporting state ballot initiatives, using targeted litigation, developing partnerships with other liberal groups, and funding political campaigns.

In a February 2018 press breakfast hosted by the Christian Science Monitor, Holder revealed NDRC’s goal of targeting 12 Republican “trifectas”—states where Republicans control both chambers of the legislature as well as the governorship. ¹²

As of April 2018, NDRC’s targets, including both Republican “trifecta” states and others, included: Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia, and Wisconsin. ¹³

State Ballot Initiatives

NDRC also targets state ballot initiatives that affect redistricting rules. According to NDRC’s website, its 2018 ballot initiative targets include initiatives (and potential initiatives) in Michigan, Ohio, Colorado, Arizona, Missouri, South Dakota, and Utah.

These initiatives are often organized by liberal groups friendly to NDRC. Fair Districts PA, for example, is a Pennsylvania arm of the left-leaning League of Women Voters, and played a key role in litigating a court decision that tossed out the state’s 2011 congressional map. ¹⁴ The group plans to introduce a ballot referendum modifying the state constitution to implement a “citizens’ commission” that would potentially favor Democrats over Republicans in future elections. ¹⁵

Targeted Litigation

The NDRC targets Republican state elected officials for lawsuits accusing them of illegally gerrymandering districts under the Voting Rights Act and related legislation. Two of these lawsuits, in Georgia and Wisconsin, were initiated by its sister organization, the National Redistricting Foundation. ¹⁶

Left-Wing Partnerships

On October 23, 2017, NDRC announced it was forming a partnership with Organizing for Action (OFA) to pursue legislative redistricting to aid Democrats. ¹⁷ OFA is a 501(c)(4) nonprofit formed in 2013 as a lineal descendant of Barack Obama’s campaign committees, with which OFA shares initials. The group is run almost exclusively by Obama campaign alumni, and it maintains a close connection to the anti-Trump group Indivisible. ¹⁸

In an email obtained by Politico in October 2017, Obama wrote to recipients: “OFA volunteers and supporters will provide the grassroots organizing capacity and mobilization that we’ll need to win state-level elections and move other initiatives forward ahead of the 2021 redistricting process, making sure that states are in the best position to draw fair maps.”¹⁹

On December 20, 2018, the Atlantic wrote that

according to Barack Obama, Organizing for Action would be folded into the National Democratic Redistricting Committee. Obama said that the merger would create a “joint force that is focused on this issue of singular importance” (redistricting). ²⁰

NDRC is also listed as a partner of America Votes, a left-of-center progressive campaign coordination group created in 2003 by officials from the Clinton administration, Service Employees International Union, and Sierra Club. ²¹

NDRC has reportedly planned to triple its staff in 2019 to 30 members by merging with volunteers from Organizing for America (OFA), a left-wing activist group born out of the presidential campaigns of Barack Obama. ²² Amanda Litman, executive director of the Democratic-aligned PAC Run for Something, is reportedly allied with NDRC in its shared goal of recruiting Democratic Party candidates to run in 12 states that NDRC founder Eric Holder will be targeting in the 2020 general election. ²³

Political Campaign Activities

2017 Elections

According to its 2017 end of the year report, NDRC claims it spent $1.2 million to support the election of Virginia Governor Ralph Northam (D) in 2017, who subsequently won. ²⁴ The report notes that Northam will be the first Democratic governor in the state to hold “veto power over the redistricting process” ahead of the 2020 census since 1991. NDRC also claims it spent $50,000 in defending three Democratic Nevada state senators in a failed recall effort. ²⁵

2018 Midterm Election

In 2018, NDRC started targeting suburban areas with the aim of flipping 230 Republican-controlled state legislative seats, claiming demographic changes in those areas would aid Democrats. ²⁶

NDRC claimed it raised $35 million during the 2018 midterm cycle. ²⁷ During the election, Eric Holder focused primarily on the districts of Wisconsin and its state supreme court. He advocated the election of Rebecca Dallet to the Wisconsin Supreme Court by granting $500,000 to her campaign. ²⁸ Holder also endorsed left-wing judge Lisa Neubauer for another spot on the state court with a $350,000 grant. ²⁹ Holder contributed funds to Black Leaders Organizing Committees (BLOC) to canvass for Dallet in Milwaukee and then-gubernatorial candidate Tony Evers. Dallet, Neubauer, and Evers all won their respective races. ^{30 31 32}

2020 Elections

The NDRC is one of several left-leaning groups to partner with the Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee (DLCC) as a means of winning state legislative elections in 2020 and provide greater power for Democrats to determine redistricting congressional lines based on new Census data. ³³

In 2019, the National Democratic Redistricting Committee announced its plan to support candidates campaigning during spring elections in Wisconsin and Pennsylvania. Its affiliate group, the National Redistricting Action Fund, invested $350,000 in the groups Together Wisconsin Acts and Black Leaders Organizing Communities (BLOC). These groups supported the advertising and organizational components of Judge Lisa Neubauer’s campaign for the Wisconsin Supreme Court. ³⁴

The National Redistricting Action Fund invested $10,000 in Progress Iowa to prevent Republicans in the Iowa state legislature from changing the process for selecting state judges in Iowa. ³⁵

Iowan Republicans submitted a proposal that expands the power of local lawmakers and the government to select judges for Iowa’s state courts. This revision would allow Iowa’s legislators and governor to determine the candidates for membership of the state judicial nominating commission. The Iowa State Judicial Nominating Commission helps to select judges that serve on the Iowa Supreme Court and Iowa Court of Appeals. ³⁶

Affiliated Nonprofits

The NDRC has two “sister” nonprofit affiliates that perform lobbying and litigation activity. All three organizations share overlapping leadership and the same Washington, D.C. office space. ³⁷

National Redistricting Foundation

Also see National Redistricting Foundation (Nonprofit)

The National Redistricting Foundation (NRF) is the 501(c)(3) affiliate of NDRC. The nonprofit was created to litigate Republican state elected officials for alleged Voting Rights Act infractions and what it deems illegal “gerrymandering” of state legislative and congressional districts.

National Redistricting Action Fund

Also see National Redistricting Action Fund (Nonprofit)

The National Redistricting Action Fund (NRAF) is the 501(c)(4) affiliate of the NDRC and the National Redistricting Foundation.

Controversies

Criticism of Donald Trump

As attorney general for the Obama administration, Eric Holder was criticized for his involvement in numerous government scandals, some of which related to his partisan political views on issues like gun control. ³⁸

In his capacity as NDRC chair, Eric Holder has been critical of President Donald Trump and the Trump administration, calling the President the “orange man.”³⁹ He has also insinuated that some conservatives in the Trump era harbor neo-Nazis, saying:

“The election of Barack Obama did not magically transform us as a people and eradicate bigotry, eradicate neo-Nazis and, you know, white nationalists. They were still there, but they didn’t feel empowered in the way that I think they do now,” Holder said. “Is this a different America? I think we’re going to know on the basis of the election we see here in Virginia in 2017, what happens in the midterms in 2018, and ultimately, what happens in 2020.” ⁴⁰

On March 27, 2018, NDRC released a statement criticizing the U.S. Commerce Department’s decision to include a citizenship question on the 2020 census, calling it “a direct attack on our representative democracy” that will lead to “decade-long impacts on voting rights and the distribution of billions of dollars in federal funding.” ⁴¹

Leadership

Executive Director

Marina Jenkins is the executive director of the NDRC, as of March 2023. She succeeded John Bisognano, whom was previously the executive director before taking the position as president of the NDRC in 2023. ⁴² Previously, Jenkins was the litigation director for both the NDRC and the National Redistricting Foundation. She previously worked as a private attorney involved in election law and redistricting public policy firms. Jenkins also briefly served as a pro bono fellow for the Advancement Project, a group created in 1999 by left-leaning lawyers to oppose voter identification laws. ⁴³

President

John Bisognano is the president of the NDRC, as of March 2023, succeeding Kelly Burton whom served as president until taking a position on the NDRC board. He previously served as executive director until being succeeded by former NDRC litigation director Marina Jenkins in 2023. ⁴⁴ In addition, he also worked as the director of campaigns and state engagement for the organization prior to executive director. Prior to the NDRC, Bisognano served as coordinated campaign director for the New Hampshire Democratic Party, associate director of public engagement for the Obama White House, and executive director for the Association of State Democratic Chairs for the Democratic National Committee (DNC). ⁴⁵

Chair and Board of Directors

Former U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder serves as board chair of the NDRC, as of March 2023. ⁴⁶

Kelly Burton is the former president of the NDRC, serving from 2017 to 2023 when she was succeeded by former NDRC executive director John Bisognano. As of March 2023, she serves on the NDRC board of directors. ⁴⁷

Alixandria “Ali” Lapp is a member of the NDRC board of directors, previously serving as vice president of the organization. In addition, Lapp was also founder and president of the Democratic Party-aligned House Majority PAC, and served as a political consultant to the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) in the 2008 election. ⁴⁸

Noam Lee is a member of the NDRC board of directors. He is also the executive director of the Democratic Governor’s Association, serving since 2018. ^{49 50}

Jessica Post is a member of the NDRC board of directors. Post is executive director of the Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee (DLCC), and is a former staffer for disgraced Sen. Al Franken and a former political director for the left-wing PAC EMILY’s List. ^{51 52}

Greg Speed is an NDRC board member. Speed is president of America Votes, a left-of-center progressive campaign coordination group. ⁵³

Advisers

Former Congressman and failed Michigan gubernatorial candidate Mark Schauer served as senior advisor to the NDRC from August 2016 to May 2017. Schauer served as director of Advantage 2020, a hybrid PAC created in 2015 to support Democratic majorities in state legislatures by 2020. Advantage 2020 was terminated in June 2016. ^{54 55} Schauer also served as co-chair of the Job 21! campaign of the BlueGreen Alliance, a partnership between labor unions and environmentalist groups. ⁵⁶

Edward Tortorici is a professional management consultant and advisor to the NDRC board. ⁵⁷

Other Staff

José Morales is the community engagement and projects director for the NDRC. ⁵⁸ Prior to that, Morales worked as an assistant to Kelly Ward during her tenure as executive director for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee. ⁵⁹

Patrick Rodenbush is the communications director for the NDRC. Rodenbush previously served as assistant press secretary for the Obama administration, and in similar public affairs and communications roles for the U.S. Department of Justice, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, and the Democratic National Committee. ⁶⁰

Hayley Dierker is the chief of staff at the NDRC. Dierker previously served in advisory and operations roles to the chair of the DCCC, and for Democratic members of Congress. ⁶¹

Funding

2018 Midterm Election

According to the Center for Responsive Politics, as of March 2018 the NDRC had raised $1.16 million during the 2018 midterm election cycle and spent just under $350,000 on administrative and fundraising fees, mainly to the fundraising platform ActBlue, which serves left-wing nonprofits and PACs, and the law firm Perkins Coie. ⁶²

The Center for Responsive Politics reports that NDRC’s 2018 contributors as of March 31, 2018 included the American Federation of Government Employees, a labor union which gave NDRC $100,000; the Amalgamated Transit Union, a labor union which gave it $5,000; and End Citizens United, a Democratic PAC that gave NDRC $5,000. ⁶³

Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) contributed $30,000 to the NDRC as part of her strategic spending towards helping Democrats win control of the U.S. House Representatives in November 2018. ⁶⁴

Initial Funding

The NDRC reports that it raised more than $11 million for NDRC, the National Redistricting Action Fund, and the National Redistricting Foundation in 2017, the year the groups were created. ⁶⁵ According to the Washington Post, donors included Democratic Party “mega-donors” like Fred Eychaner, Donald Sussman, Jon Stryker, and Martha Samuelson, as well as film director J.J. Abrams and his wife, Katie McGrath. ⁶⁶

1. “Press Release: Holder Launches New Democratic Redistricting Effort.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. January 12, 2017. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/press-release-holder-launches-new-democratic-redistricting-effort/.
2. “About Us.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/about/.
3. Pilkington, Ed. “Eric Holder Held in Contempt of Congress after Historic Vote.” The Guardian. June 28, 2012. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jun/28/eric-holder-contempt-historic-congress-vote.
4. “National Democratic Redistricting Committee.” Ballotpedia. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://ballotpedia.org/National_Democratic_Redistricting_Committee.
5. ClareMalone. “Barack Obama Won The White House, But Democrats Lost The Country.” FiveThirtyEight. January 19, 2017. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/barack-obama-won-the-white-house-but-democrats-lost-the-country/.
6. Holder, Eric H. “Eric Holder: This Is How You Fix a Broken Congress.” CNN. July 21, 2017. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.cnn.com/2017/07/21/opinions/fixing-a-broken-congress-opinion-eric-holder/index.html.
7. “Press Release: Holder Launches New Democratic Redistricting Effort.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/press-release-holder-launches-new-democratic-redistricting-effort/.
8. Shepard, Steven, Neil Gershenfeld, Alan Gershenfeld, Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld, Jack Shafer, William Pesek, and Tucker Doherty. “Obama, Holder to Lead Post-Trump Redistricting Campaign.” POLITICO. October 17, 2016. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://www.politico.com/story/2016/10/obama-holder-redistricting-gerrymandering-229868.
9. Shafer, Jack, Edward-Isaac Dovere, Neil Gershenfeld, Alan Gershenfeld, and Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld. “Democrats Woo Donors for Big Redistricting Fight.” POLITICO. July 28, 2016. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/dnc-2016-democratic-redistricting-donors-226383.
10. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). National Redistricting Foundation (2017). Part VII. Accessed January 21, 2019.
11. Shafer, Jack, Edward-Isaac Dovere, Neil Gershenfeld, Alan Gershenfeld, and Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld. “Democrats Woo Donors for Big Redistricting Fight.” POLITICO. July 28, 2016. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/dnc-2016-democratic-redistricting-donors-226383.
12. “In Democrats’ Strategic Strike against Gerrymandering, Holder Leads the Charge.” The Christian Science Monitor. February 07, 2018. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/monitor_breakfast/2018/0207/In-Democrats-strategic-strike-against-gerrymandering-Holder-leads-the-charge.
13. “NDRC 2018 Electoral Targets.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. March 20, 2018. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/2018-targets/.
14. Rosenberg, Tina. “Putting the Voters in Charge of Fair Voting.” The New York Times. January 23, 2018. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/opinion/michigan-gerrymandering-fair-voting.html.
15. “How We’ll Fix It.” Fair Districts PA. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.fairdistrictspa.com/solution.
16. “NDRC 2018 Electoral Targets.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. March 20, 2018. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/2018-targets/.
17. “OFA and NDRC Announce Partnership.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. October 23, 2017. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/ofa-and-ndrc-announce-partnership/.
18. Seitz-Wald, Alex. “Obama-Aligned Organizing for Action Relaunches for Trump Era.” NBC News. February 10, 2017. Accessed August 1, 2017. http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/democrats-vs-trump/obama-aligned-organizing-action-relaunches-trump-era-n719311.
19. Shafer, Jack, Edward-Isaac Dovere, Neil Gershenfeld, Alan Gershenfeld, and Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld. “Obama’s Army Enlists in Redistricting Fight.” POLITICO. October 23, 2017. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.politico.com/story/2017/10/23/obama-redistricting-fight-244049.
20. Edward-Isaac Dovere. “Barack Obama Goes All In Politically to Fight Gerrymandering.” The Atlantic. December 20, 2018. Accessed January 21, 2019. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/12/obamas-political-group-shifts-focus-gerrymandering/578770/
21. “Our Partners.” America Votes. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://americavotes.org/our-partners/.
22. Berman, Ari, Monika Bauerlein, Clara Jeffery, Jacob Rosenberg, Kiera Butler, Pema Levy, Dan Friedman, James West. “The Courts Won’t End Gerrymandering. Eric Holder Has a Plan to Fix It without Them.” Mother Jones. July 01, 2019. Accessed July 01, 2019. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/07/the-courts-wont-end-gerrymandering-eric-holder-has-a-plan-to-fix-it-without-them/.
23. Berman, Ari, Monika Bauerlein, Clara Jeffery, Jacob Rosenberg, Kiera Butler, Pema Levy, Dan Friedman, James West. “The Courts Won’t End Gerrymandering. Eric Holder Has a Plan to Fix It without Them.” Mother Jones. July 01, 2019. Accessed July 02, 2019. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/07/the-courts-wont-end-gerrymandering-eric-holder-has-a-plan-to-fix-it-without-them/.
24. “Ralph Northam.” Ballotpedia, https://ballotpedia.org/Ralph_Northam
25. “NDRC 2017 Wrap-up and 2018 Preview.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. December 22, 2017. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/ndrc-2017-wrap-up-and-2018-preview/.
26. Berman, Ari, Ari Berman, Monika Bauerlein, Clara Jeffery, Jacob Rosenberg, Ari Berman, Ari Berman, Kiera Butler, Pema Levy, Dan Friedman, Dan Friedman, Dan Friedman, James West, and James West. “The Courts Won’t End Gerrymandering. Eric Holder Has a Plan to Fix It without Them.” Mother Jones. July 01, 2019. Accessed July 01, 2019. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/07/the-courts-wont-end-gerrymandering-eric-holder-has-a-plan-to-fix-it-without-them/.
27. Ari Berman, Monika Bauerlein, Clara Jeffery, Jacob Rosenberg, Kiera Butler, Pema Levy, Dan Friedman, James West. “The Courts Won’t End Gerrymandering. Eric Holder Has a Plan to Fix It without Them.” Mother Jones. July 01, 2019. Accessed July 01, 2019. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/07/the-courts-wont-end-gerrymandering-eric-holder-has-a-plan-to-fix-it-without-them/.
28. Ari Berman, Monika Bauerlein, Clara Jeffery, Jacob Rosenberg, Kiera Butler, Pema Levy, Dan Friedman, James West. “The Courts Won’t End Gerrymandering. Eric Holder Has a Plan to Fix It without Them.” Mother Jones. July 01, 2019. Accessed July 01, 2019. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/07/the-courts-wont-end-gerrymandering-eric-holder-has-a-plan-to-fix-it-without-them/.
29. Pema Levy, Nicole Javorsky, Ali Breland, Alexander C. Kaufman, Kiera Butler, Ari Berman, Dan Spinelli, Abigail Weinberg, Pema Levy, Dan Friedman. “This Race You Haven’t Heard of Could Determine Wisconsin’s Political Course for a Decade.” Mother Jones. April 03, 2019. Accessed July 02, 2019. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/04/a-little-noticed-judicial-election-could-determine-wisconsins-political-course-for-a-decade/.
30. “Rebecca Dallet.” Ballotpedia, ballotpedia.org/Rebecca_Dallet.
31. “Lisa Neubauer.” Ballotpedia, https://ballotpedia.org/Lisa_Neubauer.
32. “Tony Evers.” Ballotpedia, https://ballotpedia.org/Tony_Evers.
33. Severns, Maggie. “Democrats Plan $50M Campaign to Flip State Legislatures before Redistricting.” POLITICO, January 15, 2020. https://www.politico.com/news/2020/01/15/redistricting-state-legislatures-campaign-099437.
34. “NDRC Affiliates Invest in State Activity, Holder to Travel to Wisconsin, Texas.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee, March 5, 2019. https://democraticredistricting.com/ndrc-affiliates-invest-in-state-activity-holder-to-travel-to-wisconsin-texas/.
35. “NDRC Affiliates Invest in State Activity, Holder to Travel to Wisconsin, Texas.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. March 5, 2019. https://democraticredistricting.com/ndrc-affiliates-invest-in-state-activity-holder-to-travel-to-wisconsin-texas/.
36. Rodriguez, Barbara. “Iowa Republicans Revise Proposals on Changing How Judges are Picked.” Des Moines Register. February 20, 2019. https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/politics/2019/02/20/iowa-legislature-republicans-revise-plan-change-how-judicial-selection-process-supreme-court-appeals/2932199002/.
37. “Statement of Organization: National Democratic Redistricting PAC.” Federal Election Commission (FEC), Filing FEC-1137745. January 9, 2017. http://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/forms/C00630707/1137745/
38. Shafer, Jack, William Pesek, and Julia Preston. “Eric Holder Is Tired of Being Polite.” POLITICO Magazine. November 07, 2017. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/11/07/eric-holder-trump-redistricting-off-message-215795.
39. Ernst, Douglas. “Eric Holder Blasts ‘orange Man’ Trump: ‘We Want the America of Barack Obama’.” The Washington Times. November 07, 2017. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/nov/7/eric-holder-blasts-orange-man-trump-we-want-the-am/.
40. Shafer, Jack, William Pesek, and Julia Preston. “Eric Holder Is Tired of Being Polite.” POLITICO Magazine. November 07, 2017. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/11/07/eric-holder-trump-redistricting-off-message-215795.
41. https://democraticredistricting.com/holder-statement-on-the-trump-administrations-decision-to-include-a-citizenship-question-on-the-2020-census/
42. Epstein, Reid J. “No Rest Between Censuses for Congressional Mapmakers.” New York Times, March 10, 2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/10/us/politics/redistricting-states-democrats-republicans.html
43. LinkedIn: Marine K. Jenkins. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.linkedin.com/in/marinakjenkins/
44. Epstein, Reid J. “No Rest Between Censuses for Congressional Mapmakers.” New York Times, March 10, 2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/10/us/politics/redistricting-states-democrats-republicans.html
45. LinkedIn: John Bisognano. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.linkedin.com/in/johnbisognano/
46. “Obama To Take On Redistricting In Post-Presidency Project With Eric Holder.” Talking Points Memo. October 17, 2016. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://talkingpointsmemo.com/livewire/obama-holder-gerrymandering-project.
47. Epstein, Reid J. “No Rest Between Censuses for Congressional Mapmakers.” New York Times, March 10, 2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/10/us/politics/redistricting-states-democrats-republicans.html
48. “Our Team.” House Majority PAC. Accessed April 17, 2018. http://www.thehousemajoritypac.com/about-us/staff.
49. “Who We Are.” National Democratic Redistricting Commission, Accessed March 31, 2023. https://democraticredistricting.com/who-we-are/
50. “DGA Announces New Executive Director.” Democratic Governors Association, Accessed March 31, 2023. https://democraticgovernors.org/updates/dga-announces-new-executive-director/
51. “Jessica Post.” Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee. September 27, 2017. Accessed April 17, 2018. http://www.dlcc.org/jessica-post.
52. “Press Release: Holder Launches New Democratic Redistricting Effort.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/press-release-holder-launches-new-democratic-redistricting-effort/.
53. “Who We Are.” National Democratic Redistricting Commission, Accessed March 31, 2023. https://democraticredistricting.com/who-we-are/
54. “Mark Schauer.” Ballotpedia. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://ballotpedia.org/Mark_Schauer.
55. “Advantage 2020.” Ballotpedia. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://ballotpedia.org/Advantage_2020.
56. LinkedIn: Mark Schauer. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.linkedin.com/in/schauermark
57. LinkedIn: Edward Tortorici. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.linkedin.com/in/edwardatortorici/
58. ” JOSÉ MORALES.” Netroots Nation, Accessed March 31, 2023. https://www.netrootsnation.org/profile/moralesdemocraticredistricting-com/#:~:text=Jos%C3%A9%20Morales%2C%20Jr.%20is%20the%20Community%20Engagement%20and,achieve%20a%20fairer%20redistricting%20process%20across%20the%20country.
59. LinkedIn: Jose Morales. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.linkedin.com/in/josé-morales-88355540/
60. LinkedIn: Patrick Rodenbush. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.linkedin.com/in/patrick-rodenbush-27865612/
61. LinkedIn: Hayley Dierker. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.linkedin.com/in/hayley-dierker-588ba17b/
62. “National Democratic Redistricting PAC: Lobbying Summary” Center For Responsive Politics. 2018. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/pacgave2.php?cmte=C00630707&cycle=2018
63. “National Democratic Redistricting PAC: Lobbying Summary” Center For Responsive Politics. 2018. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/pacgave2.php?cmte=C00630707&cycle=2018
64. Maggie Stephens, Christopher Cadelago. “Biden uses midterms haul to bolster his 2020 chances.” Politico. January 8, 2019. Accessed January 22, 2019. https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/08/joe-biden-2020-election-pac-1086016
65. “NDRC 2017 Wrap-up and 2018 Preview.” National Democratic Redistricting Committee. December 22, 2017. Accessed April 17, 2018. https://democraticredistricting.com/ndrc-2017-wrap-up-and-2018-preview/.
66. Nirappil, Fenit. “Obama-backed Democratic Redistricting Group Raises $10.8 Million in 2017.” The Washington Post. July 31, 2017. Accessed April 18, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/virginia-politics/obama-backed-democratic-redistricting-group-raises-108-million-in-2017/2017/07/31/73989e8e-760d-11e7-9eac-d56bd5568db8_story.html?utm_term=.6b1d710662ca.