Also see Tides Nexus

Tides Advocacy (formerly The Tsunami Fund, The Advocacy Fund, and the Tides Advocacy Fund) is a left-of-center advocacy organization associated with the Tides Nexus, a collection of center-left pass-through funders and fiscal sponsorship nonprofits grouped around the Tides Foundation. While Tides Advocacy has disavowed any affiliation with the Tides Foundation and Tides Center (the fiscal sponsorship arm of the Tides Nexus), it maintains close connections with the other Tides organizations through its leadership and board of directors. Tides Advocacy received $23.8 million in funding from the Tides Foundation between 2013 and 2018.

The Tides Advocacy has been described as an organization that “washes” away the paper trail between its grants and the original donor.¹ Tides Founder Drummond Pike stated, “Anonymity is very important to most of the people we work with.” ²

Tides Advocacy is the sole 501(c)(4) social welfare organization in the Tides Nexus and focuses on the creation, financing, and consultation of various left-of-center organizations. ³ Vincent Jones is the interim CEO and Board Chair of Tides Advocacy as of 2024, a position previously held by Romilda “Romy” Justilien. Justilien took the position following the departure of managing director Amanda Keton in October 2019. ^{4 5}

Background

Formation and Name Changes

Tides Advocacy is a 501(c)(4) advocacy nonprofit formed in 1992 as “The Tsunami Fund” in San Francisco, California. ⁶

In 2006, it was renamed “Tides Advocacy Fund.” ⁷ In 2010, the organization was renamed again to “The Advocacy Fund,” possibly signalling intent to distance the group from the remaining Tides organizations. ⁸ Finally, in 2017 the group was renamed “Tides Advocacy,” its current name. ⁹

Relationship to the Tides Nexus

The Tides Foundation, an organization with close ties to Tides Advocacy, is a powerful and influential left-wing funding nonprofit based in San Francisco, California. Tides was co-founded by liberal activists Drummond Pike and Jane Bagley Lehman in 1976.

In the 1990s, the IRS advised the Tides Foundation to separate its grantmaking from its program of creating activist groups (a process known as “fiscal sponsorship”). Pike went to great lengths for these new organizations, including lending them the Tides tax-exempt status under so-called “fiscal sponsorship” that included control of all financial-related matters and the provision to all employees of comprehensive benefits packages. All of this was done at the cost of 8 percent of the new group’s income as Tides’ “management fee.” ¹⁰ In the early 2000s, the Tides Foundation formed the Tides Center, a separate tax-exempt 501(c)(3) nonprofit, to “run the fiscal sponsorship program efficiently and legally,” with the added effect of further obscuring donors to groups fiscally sponsored by the Tides Center. ¹¹

Pike, who remained chief executive officer of the organization until 2013, is credited with much of this “creativity.” The center-right Heartland Institute has written that Pike created, mentored, funded, and led more left-wing nonprofits than anyone in the world. After Pike’s departure, he became the chairman of the board of the Environmental Working Group. ¹²

While Tides Advocacy’s close connection to the Tides Foundation is clear—it was a product of its incubator, had overlapping board members, and shared the same San Francisco address—Tides Advocacy stated on its website in 2013 that it “is a completely separate legal entity from Tides and Tides does not subsidize The Advocacy Fund in any way.” ¹³

However, in 2018, the center-right Capital Research Center identified $6.2 million in contributions from Tides Foundation to The Advocacy Fund from 2010 through 2014. ¹⁴

Additionally, Tides Advocacy’s Form 990 filing for 2018 indicates that the Tides Network, the primary controlling entity in the Tides Nexus, is an “affiliated” but “unrelated” nonprofit according to the legal definition of related organizations described by the IRS. The filing further describes Tides Advocacy’s financial relationship to the Tides Network: ¹⁵

Kriss Deiglmeier (CEO), Amanda Keton (secretary/treasurer), and Jacqueline Valle (chief of staff/assistant to the secretary) are employees of Tides Network, an affiliated (but unrelated, by definition of the Form 990 instructions) organization[.]

Tides Advocacy makes payments Tides Network in relation to each individual’s work for Tides Advocacy, which represents only a fraction of their full-time employment status[.]

Elsewhere in its 2018 Form 990 filing the group states:

The organization [Tides Advocacy] does not compensate the organization’s CEO. Rather, Tides Network . . . compensates the CEO, and is reimbursed for a portion of the CEO’s time dedicated to Tides Advocacy[.]

Lobbying

Tides Advocacy breaks its areas of advocacy into four categories: equality and human rights, shared prosperity, health and the environment, and democracy.

According to a 2013 lobbying report, Tides Advocacy spent $2.1 million lobbying on immigration reform in 2013, all of which was spent in the 2nd quarter during which Congress debated the so-called Gang of Eight immigration legislation, which ultimately failed in Congress. The organization had not previously spent more than $640,000 for lobbying in a quarter. ¹⁶

Fiscal Sponsorship

Besides lobbying, Tides Advocacy helps to incubate other left-wing 501(c)(4) advocacy nonprofits, a process known as “fiscal sponsorship”; its “sister” group, the Tides Center, offers a similar service for incubating 501(c)(3) nonprofits. The following are examples of known groups incubated by Tides Advocacy.

Known Incubated Groups

Tides Advocacy incubated the Florida Rights and Restoration Coalition, an organization whose goal was restoring voting rights to felons in Florida. With the help of Tides, a ballot measure granting voting rights to released felons (Amendment 4) made the ballot in the November 2018 election and passed roughly 64-35 percent. ^{17 18}

Tides Advocacy incubated Voices for Progress, which advocates for left-wing global warming policies and approaches to reducing income inequality. ¹⁹

Lead Locally is Tides Advocacy’s health and environmental mission. It was founded by Whit Jones, the former director of Energy Action Coalition anti-Keystone XL Pipeline group. ²⁰

Leadership

Chief Executive Officer

Vincent Jones serves as the interim CEO of Tides Advocacy as well as the organization’s board chair as of 2024. He also serves as the Founder and CEO of The Citizen Jones Companies. He serves on the board of advocacy groups Strategic Concepts in Organizing and Political Education (SCOPE) and Freedom for All Americans. He previously worked as the Deputy Director of Campaigns and Senior Program Officer at the Liberty Hill Foundation, the executive director of the Center for Health Justice, and the Associate Director of the National Teen Leadership Program. In addition, he served as the Los Angeles County Field Representative for then-Sen. Barbara Boxer and worked on her 2006 and 2010 campaigns. ²¹

Romilda “Romy” Justilien was the previous CEO of Tides Advocacy, a position she assumed in April 2020 after working for a period as interim CEO beginning with the departure of managing director Amanda Keton in October 2019. Prior to that, she was deputy director of Tides Advocacy from 2017-2019.^{22 24}

Amanda Keton was the managing director of Tides Advocacy from roughly 2010 to October 2019, when was succeeded by Justilien. ²⁵ Keton was also legal director for Tides, a board member of the left-leaning Network for Good and a former board member of the San Francisco Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Community Center and the ACLU of Northern California . Prior to joining Tides, Keton was a nonprofit for Ernst & Young. ^{26 27}

Board of Directors

As of 2024, Tides Advocacy’s board of directors included the following individuals: ²⁸

• Vincent Jones (board chair)
• Nicole Boucher
• Nat Chioke-Williams
• William Cordery
• Monique Couvson, Ed.D
• Janiece Evans-Page (Tides CEO)
• Judy Hatcher, Treasurer
• Dr. Aisha Nyandoro
• Quanita Toffie

Funding

Financial Overview

According to their 2022 990 form, the organization reported a revenue of $89,227,147, expenses at $91,400,833, and total assets of $51,047,001. ²⁹

In 2021, the organization reported a revenue of $78,496,610, expenses at $75,893,452, and total assets of $54,536,746. ³⁰

In 2020, the organization reported a revenue of $153,831,799, expenses at $132,401,504, and total assets of $54,251,682. ³¹

In 2019, the organization reported a revenue of $52,959,705, expenses at $41,047,992, and total assets of $29,734,681. ³²

In 2018, Tides Advocacy reported total revenues of $40.3 million, total expenditures of $38.7 million, and net assets of $14 million. It paid out grants totaling just under $15 million. ³³

In 2017, Tides Advocacy reported total revenues of $29.3 million, total expenditures of $20.6 million, and net assets of $12.3 million. It paid out grants totaling $7.1 million. ³⁴

Donors to Tides Advocacy

As federal law allows for anonymous contributions to 501(c)(4) organizations, few of the donors to Tides Advocacy are known.

However, in 2017 Tides Advocacy reported 4 contributions over $1.5 million as well as a handful of larger donations in the following amounts: ³⁵

• $6,721,333
• $3,771,016
• $2,293,656

The center-right Capital Research Center identified $6.2 million in contributions from Tides Foundation to The Advocacy Fund from 2010 through 2014. ³⁶

In 2018, the Tides Foundation paid $13.5 million in 58 separate grants to Tides Advocacy. ³⁷

The following is a list of grants from the Tides Foundation to Tides Advocacy between 2013 and 2018: ³⁸

Tides Foundation Grants to Tides Advocacy
	Annual Total	Individual Grants	Descriptions/Projects
2018	$13,513,155	$148,500	-
		$85,000	-
		$200,000	-
		$156,766	-
		$15,000	-
		$400,125	-
		$200,000	-
		$400,000	-
		$49,500	-
		$220,867	-
		$100,000	-
		$135,000	-
		$110,000	-
		$233,850	-
		$145,000	-
		$40,000	-
		$10,000	-
		$20,000	-
		$41,000	-
		$1,782,000	-
		$1,102,648	-
		$89,100	-
		$519,750	-
		$346,500	-
		$87,300	-
		$99,000	-
		$64,350	-
		$197,437	-
		$198,000	-
		$92,150	-
		$10,000	-
		$10,000	-
		$198,000	-
		$247500	-
		$19,800	-
		$1980,000	-
		$50,000	-
		$39,600	-
		$99,000	-
		$292,628	-
		$99,000	-
		$14,850	-
		$76,855	-
		$24,750	-
		$279,180	-
		$50,000	-
		$30,000	-
		$2,4750	-
		$194,000	-
		$33,950	-
		$9,700	-
		$148,500	-
		$138,600	-
		$419,760	-
		$236,409	-
		$990,000	-
		$447,480	-
		$60,000	-
2017	$6,894,432	$6,930	Lead Locally's research and analysis
		$9,089	Demos Action's Inclusive Democracy Project
		$10,000	Resist Here: West Virginia
		$10,000	Strong Women Action Network's 501(c)(3) charitable activities to support and connect women of diverse economic and multicultural backgrounds at all levels of government, corporations, civic organizations and academia to achieve proportional representation
		$10,000	Indivisible Project's work to demystify Congress and to build a community of committed local groups
		$14,450	Alliance for Citizenship's operations and leadership development
		$14,500	women's retreat
		$16,440	Alliance for Citizenship's operations and field conference
		$17,000	Florida Rights Restoration Coalition's Women's Retreat programming
		$38,155	research, education, and organizing of the We the People project
		$40,000	Millions of Jobs
		$40,000	Civic engagement
		$40,000	9 Millions of Jobs' Jobs and Infrastructure Campaign
		$40,000	Millions of Jobs Project
		$40,000	29 Jobs and Infrastructure Campaign's public education work
		$43,000	501(c)(3) permissible charitable work
		$44,500	Our Maryland issues convening
		$48,400	Strong Women Action Network's 501(c)(3) charitable activities to support and connect women of diverse economic and multicultural backgrounds at all levels of government, corporations, civic organizations and academia to achieve proportional representation
		$49,450	Civic engagement research
		$49,500	Lead Locally project
		$59,901	Public education for disenfranchised communication on voting rights
		$60,000	Accountable Justice Collaborative's work to support the No & Low Trials Project
		$84,150	Smart Justice California's data driven criminal justice reform project
		$90,000	New Media Ventures' Silicon Valley Project
		$98,000	Live Free Campaign
		$100,000	New Media Ventures' general support
		$109,000	501(c)(3) permissible activities
		$113,850	SIA Legal Team's Halting the Criminalization of Abortion Project
		$120,000	Jobs and Infrastructure Campaign
		$121,000	National Committee Project
		$125,750	Alliance for Citizenship's operations and communications
		$130,000	Florida Rights Restoration Coalition's Women's Retreat and 501(c)(3) work addressing issues of felon disenfranchisement
		$134,492	MH Action Expansion
		$150,000	Movement for Black Lives Action Fund to build and execute a civic engagement strategy
		$150,000	Fuel civic leaders at the community level nationwide
		$152,000	to promote economic and environmental justice through civic engagement
		$167,453	Flint Rising's door-to-door canvassing efforts
		$175,000	New York Working Families Project's organizing work
		$181,650	Millions of Jobs Campaign Fund
		$225,553	Indivisible Project's work to demystify Congress and to build a community of committed local groups
		$297,000	Indivisible Project's work to demystify Congress and to build a community of committed local groups
		$400,000	NMV Fall Support
		$780,000	Indivisible Project's work to demystify Congress and to build a community of committed local groups
		$1,000,000	Project 1: Removing unnecessary State restrictions on self-determine abortion care ($350,00) Project 2: Halting the Criminalization ($650,000)
		$1,288,219	Accountable Justice Collaborative's prosecutorial accountability campaign
2016	$783,410	$783,410	Civic Participation
2015	$200,000	$100,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$100,000	New Media Ventures
2014	$693,932	$100,000	Safer Chemicals, Healthy Families' reform of Toxic Substances Control Act project involving
		$95,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$94,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$72,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$70,000	New Media Ventures
		$63,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$63,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$39,954	New Media Ventures
		$39,949	Alliance for Citizenship
		$39,029	Alliance for Citizenship
		$18,000	to support policing reform in New York City
2013	$1,756,154	$207,804	Alliance for Citizenship
		$66,350	Alliance for Citizenship
		$436,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$572,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$324,000	Alliance for Citizenship
		$50,000	New Media Ventures
		$50,000	New Media Ventures
		$50,000	New Media Ventures
Total:	$23,841,083

Between 2007 and 2015, Atlantic Philanthropy’s 501(c)(4) Atlantic Advocacy Fund provided a series of grants toward several Tides Advocacy projects and policy initiatives, totaling $42,617,750 (a number provided by Atlantic Philanthropies based on conversion rates of different currencies into U.S. dollars at the time of grant disbursement). ³⁹

Atlantic Advocacy Fund Grants to Tides Advocacy Projects
Projects and Initiatives	Grants	Descriptions
Alliance for Citizenship	$5,950,000	“To support advocacy work to secure comprehensive immigration reform”
Vote Safe: Safe Neighborhoods and Schools Act	$850,000	“To enact sentencing reform in California through a ballot initiative that would reduce incarceration levels and penalties for low-level crimes and thereby improve the criminal justice system”
Fund for Fair and Just Policing	$2,200,000	“To reform the stop and frisk practices of the New York Police Department by winning the appeals of the End Discriminatory Profiling Act and the Floyd and Ligon v the City of New York court decisions and by implementing the court-ordered Joint Remedial Process”
Reform Immigration For America (RIFA)	$5,000,000	“To use Reform Immigration for America’s online grassroots organizing capacity to ensure policymakers at the state and federal levels are attuned to Latino voting power and its immigration policy objectives”
National Latino Engagement Action Fund	$700,000	“To advance a strategy that increases Latino voter registration and mobilization”
Social Security Works	$100,000	“To organize a pledge campaign to hold members of U.S. Congress and candidates accountable to low-income families on Social Security reform”
Supporting State Strategies to Abolish the Death Penalty	$3,353,000‬	“To nurture and advance state campaigns to abolish the death penalty around the US by providing resources to a donor collaborative fund for regranting to state campaigns”
Environment and Climate Action Fund	$2,500,000	“To support advocacy efforts for climate, energy, and other environmental policy reform”
Enacting Immigration Reform	$3,500,000	“To provide continued support (support for 2010 campaign) for the federal campaign to reform immigration policy”
Keeping Social Security’s Promise	$2,700,000	“To ensure the protection of Social Security benefits for low- and moderate-income older adults, children and families through Strengthen Social Security, an aggressive, time-limited national campaign directed at the President, federal lawmakers and members of the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility”
Voter Engagement Technology	$250,000	“To support citizen engagement technology and technical assistance to assist policy campaigns and civic participation efforts”
Social Security Policy Planning	$200,000	“To explore the possibility of a consensus for Social Security reform”
Voting Modernization/Universal Voter Registration	$250,000	“To promote federal legislation that would shift the burden to state governments to affirmatively add voters to the voting rolls by assembling existing lists rather than placing the burden on individual voters”
Social Security Reform Campaign to Protect Low-Income Individuals	$1,555,000	“Towards Phase I (Activate Preparation) - To support a campaign focusing attention on the needs of low-income individuals in the forthcoming reform of Social Security”
Four Pillars Campaign for Immigration Reform	$5,259,750	Field and Policy Pillars: “To support the strategic field and policy components of the federal effort to enact immigration reform by establishing a regranting and technical capacity delivery fund”
We Are America Alliance Action Fund	$5,750,000	“To empower immigrant communities throughout the U.S. through support for a collaborative citizenship and voter registration initiative”
Eldercare Workforce Alliance	$1,000,000	“To implement the Institute of Medicine report on workforce issues for an ageing America by activating a broad-based coalition to advocate for public policy changes”
Total:	$42,617,750

Grants from Tides Advocacy

In 2019, Tides Advocacy made $9.8 million in grants to other, largely left-of-center, nonprofits: ⁴⁰

Grant Recipient	Amount	Year
Environment America	$3,600,000	2019
League of Conservation Voters	$3,000,000	2019
Sierra Club	$385,000	2019
Roosevelt Forward	$287,134	2019
Our Wisconsin Revolution	$194,000	2019
Sunrise	$175,000	2019
Planned Parenthood Action Fund	$150,000	2019
People's Action	$130,000	2019
Alliance for Youth Action	$100,000	2019
American Civil Liberties Union	$100,000	2019
Dream Corps	$100,000	2019
Forward Florida Action	$100,000	2019
Rapid Resist Action	$100,000	2019
Swing Left	$100,000	2019
Kimberly Ellis for California Democratic Party	$87,500	2019
Ragtag LLC	$77,819	2019
Center for Community Change Action	$70,000	2019
Center for Empowered Politics	$64,693	2019
Carolina Federation	$54,500	2019
New Virginia Majority	$54,250	2019
314 Action	$50,000	2019
Accelerate Action	$50,000	2019
Daily Kos Education Fund	$50,000	2019
Every Voice	$50,000	2019
Friends of the Earth	$50,000	2019
Indivisible Project	$50,000	2019
Kentuckians for the Commonwealth	$50,000	2019
Organizers in the Land of Enchantment	$50,000	2019
Sixteen Thirty Fund	$50,000	2019
Promise of Justice Initiative	$48,301	2019
Seventh Generation Fund for Indigenous Peoples	$45,000	2019
Working Families Organization	$44,500	2019
Partnerships Project Action Fund	$30,000	2019
FLIC Votes	$25,000	2019
New Florida Majority	$25,000	2019
One Fair Wage Action	$20,000	2019
Regents of the University of California at Berkeley	$15,000	2019
Maryland State Education Association	$11,177	2019
Make the Road Action Fund	$10,469	2019
Community Build Ventures	$10,000	2019
GS Action	$10,000	2019
Voces de la Frontera Action	$10,000	2019
Minnesota NORML	$10,000	2019
New York Communities for Change	$10,000	2019
North Carolina A Philip Randolph Educational Fund	$10,000	2019
Progress Virginia	$10,000	2019
Organize Florida	$8,790	2019
One Pennsylvania	$8,780	2019
Central Labor Council of Contra Costa County AFL-CIO	$6,625	2019
Commonwealth Foundation	$6,625	2019
BlackVoters Matter Fund	$5,250	2019
Total:	$9,760,413

Documents

The Tides Advocacy Form 990 IRS filings for 2016-2022 are available below:

• 2022 Form 990
• 2021 Form 990
• 2020 Form 990
• 2019 Form 990
• 2018 Form 990
• 2017 Form 990
• 2016 Form 990

1. Ludwig, Hayden. “Unearthing The Tides Nexus.” Washington, D.C.: Capital Research Center, 2021.
2. “’Charitable Money-Laundering’.” Center for Consumer Freedom, March 9, 2004. https://www.consumerfreedom.com/2004/03/2401-charitable-money-laundering/.
3. Tides Advocacy. “Focus Areas,” Accessed February 6, 2019, https://tidesadvocacy.org/about/
4. LinkedIn Profile: Romy Justilien. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://www.linkedin.com/in/rjustilien/
5. “Our Team.” Tides Advocacy, Accessed April 16, 2024. https://tides-advocacy.squarespace.com/about/team
6. Articles of Incorporation: The Tsunami Fund. Filed March 3, 1992. Accessed May 4, 2020. https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=01522490-4300203
7. Amendment of Articles of Incorporation: Tides Advocacy Fund. Filed March 20, 2006. Accessed May 4, 2020. https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=01522490-6285549
8. Amendment of Articles of Incorporation: The Advocacy Fund. Filed July 27, 2010. Accessed May 4, 2020. https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=01522490-12771039
9. Amendment of Articles of Incorporation: Tides Advocacy. Filed September 28, 2017. Accessed May 4, 2020. https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=01522490-23065608
10. LeftExposed. “Trouble with the IRS,” Accessed February 4, 2019, http://leftexposed.org/2015/11/tides-foundation/
11. LeftExposed. “Trouble with the IRS,” Accessed February 4, 2019, http://leftexposed.org/2015/11/tides-foundation/
12. LeftExposed. “Background and History,” Accessed February 4, 2019, http://leftexposed.org/2015/11/tides-foundation/
13. Choma, Russ & Vendittuoli. “Advocacy Fund Spends Millions to Lobby on Immigration.” Center for Responsive Politics. July 22, 2013. Accessed February 7, 2019
14. Ludwig, Hayden. “Why Does the Advocacy Fund Hide Its Tides Funding?,” Capital Research Center, March 2, 2018, Accessed February 6, 2019 https://capitalresearch.org/article/why-does-the-advocacy-fund-hide-its-tides-funding/
15. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Advocacy. 2018. Schedule O: Supplemental Information for Part VI: Section A: Line 3. Archived: https://www.influencewatch.org/app/uploads/2020/04/Tides-Advocacy-2018-Form-990.pdf

    See PDF page 84.

16. Choma, Russ & Vendittuoli. “Advocacy Fund Spends Millions to Lobby on Immigration.” OpenSecrets.org. July 22, 2013 Accessed on February 4, 2019
17. Tides Advocacy. “Story, Florida Rights Restoration Coalition,” Accessed February 7, 2019, https://tidesadvocacy.org/story/florida-rights-restoration-coalition/
18. De La Garza, Alejandro. “’Our Voice Will Count’ Former Felon Praises Florida Passing Amendment 4 Which Will Restore Voting Rights to 1.4 Million People,” November 7, 2018, Accessed February 7, 2019 /
19. CAN International. “Voices for Progress.” CAN Member Organizations. Accessed February 15, 2019. http://www.climatenetwork.org/profile/member/voices-progress.
20. Tides Advocacy. “Story, Tides Advocacy Keeps Fossil Fuels in the Ground,” Accessed February 7, 2019, https://tidesadvocacy.org/story/lead-locally-keeps-fossil-fuels-in-the-ground
21. “Vincent Jones.” Tides Advocacy, Accessed April 16, 2024. https://tides-advocacy.squarespace.com/leadership/vincent-jones
22. LinkedIn Profile: Romy Justilien. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://www.linkedin.com/in/rjustilien/
24. ²³ “Our Team.” Tides Advocacy, Accessed April 16, 2024. https://tides-advocacy.squarespace.com/about/team
25. LinkedIn Profile: Amanda Keton. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://www.linkedin.com/in/amanda-keton-01341512/
26. “Board of Directors.” Network for Good. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://www.networkforgood.com/about/board-of-directors/
27. “Donors aren’t planning to pull back on giving in 2018.” Tides. January 30, 2018. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://www.tides.org/accelerating-social-change/philanthropy/donors-arent-planning-pull-back-giving-2018/
28. “Our Team.” Tides Advocacy, Accessed April 16, 2024. https://tides-advocacy.squarespace.com/about/team
29. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Advocacy. 2022. Part I. https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/943153687/202323189349318662/full
30. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Advocacy. 2021. Part I. https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/943153687/202213199349329906/full
31. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Advocacy. 2020. Part I. https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/943153687/202143199349330359/full
32. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Advocacy. 2019. Part I. https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/943153687/202002249349302250/full
33. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Advocacy. 2018. Part I. Lines 12, 13, 18, 22. Archived: https://www.influencewatch.org/app/uploads/2020/04/Tides-Advocacy-2018-Form-990.pdf
34. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Advocacy. 2017. Part I. Lines 12, 13, 18, 22.
35. Tides Advocacy, Return of Organization Exempt From Income Tax (Form 990), 2017, Schedule B, Part I, 1(c)-4(c)
36. Ludwig, Hayden. “Why Does the Advocacy Fund Hide Its Tides Funding?,” Capital Research Center, March 2, 2018, Accessed February 6, 2019 https://capitalresearch.org/article/why-does-the-advocacy-fund-hide-its-tides-funding/
37. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Foundation. 2018. Schedule I. Archived: https://www.influencewatch.org/app/uploads/2020/04/Tides-Foundation-2018-Form-990.pdf

    Starts on PDF page 337.

38. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Foundation. 2013-2018. Schedule I.
39. “The Advocacy Fund: Atlantic Philanthropies.” Atlantic Philanthropies. Accessed June 8, 2020. https://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/grantees/the-advocacy-fund.
40. Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax (Form 990). Tides Advocacy. 2019. Schedule I.