Person

Patrisse Cullors

Patrisse Cullors, American artist and co-founder of Black Lives Matter at The Laura Flanders Show (link) by The Laura Flanders Show is licensed CC BY 3.0 (link)

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Patrisse Cullors is a California-based political activist and a co-founder of the Black Lives Matter online movement and the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation. 1

Cullors’ activism began in the Bus Riders Union in Los Angeles where she was trained by the left-of-center Labor Community Strategy Center (LCSC). 2 She counts LCSC founder and former Weather Underground member Eric Mann as her personal mentor. 3 Cullors helped turn fellow activist Alicia Garza’s Facebook post responding to the death of Trayvon Martin into the prolific #BlackLivesMatter hashtag on social media. 4

Cullors has compared President Donald Trump to Adolf Hitler. 5 She has also called the United States the “the world’s greatest perpetrator of war and the most extensive purveyor of human rights atrocities at home.” 6 In 2020, Cullors co-endorsed Senators Bernie Sanders (I-VT) and Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) in the Democratic Party’s Presidential primary elections. 7

In July 2020, Cullors became the executive director of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) Global Foundation. 8 9

In May 2021, Cullors announced that she was stepping down from the BLM Global Network Foundation. 10 Cullors’ abrupt resignation came weeks after the Daily Caller News Foundation reported that she had used funds she received for future activist projects to enrich herself and her family instead.  11

Personal Life

Cullors grew up in Pacoima, a low-income community in Los Angeles, California. Her father and brother were jailed at various points in her life, an experience Cullors has credited as “That really shaped my understanding of what it meant to be black in this city.” 12

Cullors grew up as a Jehovah’s Witness. However, at a young age she left the tradition saying, “I couldn’t be a Jehovah’s Witness and also be queer, and also be political.” 13 She would later become a practitioner of Ifa, a religious system originating from Nigeria. 14

As a teenager, Cullors was kicked out of her home after coming out to her parents as queer. 15 She also identifies as polyamorous. 16 In 2016, she married Janaya “Future” Kahn, the black, queer, and gender-non-conforming co-founder of Black Lives Matter Canada. 17 18

While in high school, Cullors was in a magnet program with a curriculum that was “rooted in social justice.” She recalled studying apartheid, Chinese communism, and Emma Goldman, reading bell hooks and Audre Lorde, and being “encouraged to challenge racism, sexism, classism and heteronormativity.” She has also identified the work of Cornel West as being influential upon her.19

Early Political Engagement

Cullors’ political activism began when she was 17 years old and joined the Southern California-based Bus Riders Union (BRU), a campaign group that advocates for fare freezes and environmentalist regulations on mass transit in Los Angeles. 20 21 She says, “The Bus Riders Union was my first political home. It’s a place that trained me to be the organizer I am today.” 22

BRU is a project of the Labor Community Strategy Center (LCSC), a radical-left organization “with deep historical ties to the long history of anti-colonial anti-imperialist pro-communist resistance to the U.S. empire [sic].” 23 Cullors attended the LCSC’s National School for Strategic Organizing training program; she has said that the program taught her “from Marx, to Lenin, to Mao, learning all types of global critical theory.” 24

Cullors has referred to LCSC’s founder Eric Mann as her “mentor.” 25 Mann is a former member of the Weather Underground, a domestic terror organization. 26

As reported by Mike Gonzalez in the City Journal, Mann has described the purpose of the LCSC as being “to build an anti-racist, anti-imperialist, anti-fascist united front.” He has called the United States of America “the most dictatorial country in the world,” and explained that he works to organize “mainly young people who want to be revolutionaries.” Mann also praised the university as the place “where Mao Zedong was radicalized, where Lenin and Fidel were radicalized, [and] where Che was radicalized.” He explained that the goal for students was to “take this country away from the white settler state, take this country away from imperialism and have an anti-racist, anti-imperialist and anti-fascist revolution.”27

#BlackLivesMatter

Cullors is a co-founder of the #BlackLivesMatter social media movement and the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation. In 2013, her acquaintance Alicia Garza posted what came to be known as “A Love Letter to Black People” on Facebook after George Zimmerman was acquitted on criminal charges for the 2012 shooting death of Trayvon Martin. 28 In the post, Garza wrote, “I continue to be surprised at how little Black lives matter.” 29

Cullors responded to the post with the hashtag “#BlackLivesMatter.” As the hashtag spread on social media, Garza and Cullors decided to build a campaign and reached out to immigration activist Opal Tometi for assistance building an online platform. 30

According to a report by the Center for Media and Social Impact at American University’s School of Communication, the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag was rarely used before July 2014. 31 The Ferguson, Missouri protests in the wake of the death of Michael Brown, who was killed while rushing at a police officer, became the catalyst for the hashtag’s proliferation on social media. 32

The Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation is the organizational structure created by Garza, Cullors, and Tometi after the Ferguson protests. All three women are listed as “co-founders” on the Blacklivesmatter.com website, which also serves as the organization’s homepage. 33 In July 2020, Cullors became the executive director of the BLM Global Network Foundation. 34 The Foundation was originally sponsored by the Thousand Currents grant-making organization, but now operates under the umbrella of the Tides Center. 35 36 One of the Foundation’s key aims is to “disrupt the Western-prescribed nuclear family structure.” 37

2020 Election

Cullors co-endorsed Senators Bernie Sanders (I-VT) and Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) in the 2020 Democratic Presidential Primary. She explained her opposition to Obama administration Vice President Joe Biden because of his “old guard mentality” and was part of the “old establishment” of the Democratic Party. In an MSNBC interview, Cullors said, “We need all hands on deck right now for progressives to join the movement to make sure that we don’t get people like Mike Bloomberg, people like Biden into the president’s office.” 38

Controversies

Radical Influence and Views

In 2015, Cullors discussed the ideological foundation behind the Black Lives Matter movement in an interview. Referencing Garza, she said, “The first thing, I think, is that we actually do have an ideological frame. Myself and Alicia in particular are trained organizers. We are trained Marxists. We are super-versed on, sort of, ideological theories.” 39

In a 2017 interview in the Los Angeles Times, Cullors claimed that the Black Lives Matter movement would refuse to meet with President Donald Trump for the same reasons it would refuse to meet with Adolf Hitler. She said, “Trump is literally the epitome of evil, all the evils of this country — be it racism, capitalism, sexism, homophobia.” She also said that her answer to Trump is to “resist him and to resist every single policy that he’s implemented that impacts our communities.” According to Cullors, Trump “literally tried to kill our communities, and is killing our communities.” 40

In the acknowledgements of her 2018 memoir When They Call You a Terrorist: A Black Lives Matter Memoir, co-authored with asha bandele, Cullors praised Assata Shakur, Angela Davis, Miss Major, the Black Panther Party, the Black Arts Movement, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), the Republic of New Afrika (RNA), Malcom X, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Ella Baker. The memoir’s forward was written by Davis, who praised Black Lives Matter for “encourag[ing] us to question the capacity of logic – Western logic – to undo the forces of history, especially the history of colonialism and slavery.” Cullors’s memoir praises the Black Panthers multiple times, and characterizes them as “another group of young Black activists,” similar to Black Lives Matter, “who had come together around police violence.”41

The opening epigraph from When They Call You a Terrorist quotes Assata Shakur:

“It is our duty to fight for our freedom. It is our duty to win. We must love each other and support each other. We have nothing to lose but our chains.”42

In a 2019 article written for the Harvard Law Review, Cullors called the United States “the world’s greatest perpetrator of war and the most extensive purveyor of human rights atrocities at home and abroad.” In the article, she promotes the concept of “abolition” as the remedy for “global U.S. state violence, injustice, and devastation.” Cullors defines this “abolition” as “a praxis that roots itself in the following principles: people’s power; love, healing, and transformative justice; Black liberation; internationalism; anti-imperialism; dismantling structures; and practice.” 43

In 2020, Cullors led the “Yes on R” ballot initiative campaign in support of Measure R in Los Angeles County. 44 The proposed measure called for the expansion of subpoena powers for the Sheriff Civilian Oversight Commission in order to “investigate Sheriff-related issues, compel production of records and witnesses.” 45

Los Angeles County Sheriff Alex Villanueva (D) opposed the measure saying it “will open the floodgates for many more ill-advised lawsuits designed to seek documents that are not legally available for public release.” 46 The measure passed. 47

Executive Director of BLM Global Network

In December 2020, Politico reported that ten local chapters “are severing ties with the Black Lives Matter Global Network” over the manner in which Cullors became executive director of the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation.48 In an open letter, these ten chapters alleged that “Patrisse Cullors, as the sole board member of BLMGN, became Executive Director against the will of most chapters and without their knowledge.”49

Malibu Beach Resorts

In 2019, Reform L.A. Jails, a prison reform group led by Black Lives Matter co-founder Patrisse Cullors, spent nearly $26,000 at two Malibu beach resorts according to campaign finance records. The organization spent $10,179 for “meetings and appearances” at the Calamigos Guest Ranch and Beach Club in Malibu, California, and $15,593 at the Malibu Conference Center. 50

Expensive Real Estate

In April 2021, it was revealed that Cullors had purchased a $1.4 million home in an upscale area outside of Los Angeles, her fourth home purchase since 2016 totaling $3.2 million. After the purchase, rumors surfaced that she had also shown interest in properties in other countries, but there are only records for what she owns domestically. Cullors faced criticisms for owning and actively pursuing more multi-million-dollar properties despite being a self-proclaimed Marxist, which people argued negates her ideological positioning. 51

Resignation from BLM Global Network Foundation

In May 2021, Cullors announced that she was stepping down from the BLM Global Network Foundation. Cullors stated that she was turning her focus to personal projects, such as the release of her second book and a TV development deal she signed with Warner Bros. 52

Cullors’ abrupt resignation came weeks after the Daily Caller News Foundation reported that she had used funds she received for future activist projects to enrich herself and her family instead. The Foundation reported that Cullors used her position to funnel money from the BLM Global Network Foundation to an art company led by the father of her child. Cullors has lived a live of luxury since co-founding BLM, purchasing four homes across the country for a total of $3.2 million since 2016. 53

In February 2022, after several states ordered the BLM Global Network Foundation to cease fundraising, Cullors lashed out at reporters investigating her tenure as the organization’s Executive Director. In an interview with Morehouse College, Cullors said the idea that she had acted with impropriety was “incredibly anti-black and sexist,” and claimed that she and other leaders at the organization had sustained “collective trauma” from the intense scrutiny by various journalists. 54

Cullors also claimed that “right-wing media disinformation and misinformation” had been deployed within the black community to smear her and that black reporters questioning her were not actually black, saying “the black media — I put in quotes, not all black media is actually black — spread those rumors … I was naive to think black journalists and black media would be interested in talking to me first versus spreading misinformation and disinformation.” 55

Cullors went on to claim that she was “being targeted because [she’s] part of a long legacy of civil rights workers and human rights leaders,” and that she had “never done anything illegal.” Later on, however, she acknowledged that BLM Global Network Foundation had not always been transparent about its finances and stipulated that the organization did not “go out and solicit the money,” rather that the money “came from white guilt, white corporation guilt, and they just poured money in.” 56

Comments on the Form 990 and Nonprofit Transparency

At an April 2022 event hosted by the Vashon Center for the Arts in Washington, Cullors spoke about the transparency required of nonprofit groups on the Form 990, a publicly available tax document disclosing financial and other information that nonprofits must file with the IRS every year. Her comments came amid significant public scrutiny directed at the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation over its finances and lack of transparency, including the delayed filing of its own Form 990.57

Acknowledging that “I actually did not know what 990s were before all of this happened,” Cullors remarked that “this doesn’t seem safe for us, this 990 structure – this nonprofit system structure. This is, like, deeply unsafe. This is being literally weaponized against us, against the people we work with.” She described hearing the term “990” as “triggering,” and noted that “if [an] organization and the people in it are being attacked and scrutinized at everything they do, that leads to deep burnout, that leads to deep, like, resistance and trauma.”58

References

  1. Walcott, Rianna, “How the founder of Black Lives Matter started a global movement,” Dazed, April 5, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020.   https://www.dazeddigital.com/politics/article/39587/1/black-lives-matter-founder-interview-patrisse-khan-cullors
  2. Walcott, Rianna, “How the founder of Black Lives Matter started a global movement,” Dazed, April 5, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020.   https://www.dazeddigital.com/politics/article/39587/1/black-lives-matter-founder-interview-patrisse-khan-cullors
  3. Gonzalez, Juan and Goodman, Amy, ““When They Call You a Terrorist”: The Life of Black Lives Matter Co-Founder Patrisse Khan-Cullors,” Democracy Now, January 16, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.democracynow.org/2018/1/16/when_they_call_you_a_terrorist
  4. Day, Elizabeth, “#BlackLivesMatter: the birth of a new civil rights movement,” The Guardian, July 19, 2015. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/19/blacklivesmatter-birth-civil-rights-movement
  5. Simmons, Ann M. and Kaleem, Jaweed, “Q&A: A founder of Black Lives Matter answers a question on many minds: Where did it go?” Los Angeles Times, August 25, 2017. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-patrisse-cullors-black-lives-matter-2017-htmlstory.html
  6. Cullors, Patrisse, “Abolition And Reparations: Histories of Resistance, Transformative Justice, And Accountability,” Harvard Law Review, April 10, 2019. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://harvardlawreview.org/2019/04/abolition-and-reparations-histories-of-resistance-transformative-justice-and-accountability/
  7. Walker, James, “Black Lives Matter Co-Founder Endorses Sanders and Warren, Says It Is Time for Biden to Stand Down,” Newsweek, February 25, 2020. Accessed August 5, 2020.  https://www.newsweek.com/black-lives-matter-co-founder-endorses-sanders-warren-1488912
  8. “Seven Years of Growth: BLM’s Co-Founder and Incoming Executive Director Reflects on the Movement.” Black Lives Matter, September 11, 2020. https://blacklivesmatter.com/seven-years-of-growth-blms-co-founder-and-incoming-executive-director-reflects-on-the-movement/.
  9. Press, Associated. “BLM Discloses Finances for First Time and Reveals Group Raked in $90m in Donations Last Year.” Daily Mail Online. Associated Newspapers, February 24, 2021. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9291809/Black-Lives-Matter-opens-finances.html.
  10. Press, Associated. “BLM’s Patrisse Cullors to Step down from Movement Foundation.” POLITICO. POLITICO, May 27, 2021. https://www.politico.com/news/2021/05/27/black-lives-matter-patrisse-cullors-491275.
  11. Kerr, Andrew. “BLM Co-Founder Patrisse Cullors To Step Down Following DCNF Reports Of Potential Self-Dealing.” The Daily Caller. The Daily Caller, May 28, 2021. https://dailycaller.com/2021/05/27/patrisse-cullors-black-lives-matter-california-2/.
  12. Aron, Hillel, “These savvy women have made black lives matter the most crucial left-wing movement today,” LA Weekly, November 9, 2015. Accessed August 5, 2020. http://www.laweekly.com/these-savvy-women-have-made-black-lives-matter-the-most-crucial-left-wing-movement-today/
  13. Kannegieter, Trent, Activist, Friend, Comrade: Interview with Patrisse Cullors, Co-Founder of Black Lives Matter,” The Politic, November 28, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://thepolitic.org/activist-friend-comrade-interview-with-patrisse-cullors-co-founder-of-black-lives-matter/
  14. Kannegieter, Trent, Activist, Friend, Comrade: Interview with Patrisse Cullors, Co-Founder of Black Lives Matter,” The Politic, November 28, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://thepolitic.org/activist-friend-comrade-interview-with-patrisse-cullors-co-founder-of-black-lives-matter/
  15. MSNBC, “Queerness on the front lines of #BlackLivesMatter,” February 19, 2015. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/watch/queerness-on-the-front-lines-of-blacklivesmatter-401658435959
  16. Farrag, Hebah H. “The role of the spirit in the #BlackLivesMatter movement: a conversation with activist and artist Patrisse Cullors,” Religion Dispatches, June 24, 2015. Accessed August 5, 2020.  https://religiondispatches.org/the-role-of-spirit-in-the-blacklivesmatter-movement-a-conversation-with-activist-and-artist-patrisse-cullors/
  17. Otis College of Art and Design. Janaya Khan. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.otis.edu/faculty/janaya-khan
  18. Janaya Khan, Bio. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://janayakhan.com/bio/
  19. Scott Walter. “Radical Lives Matter.” Capital Research Center. November 18, 2020. Available at: https://capitalresearch.org/article/radical-lives-matter/
  20. Kannegieter, Trent, Activist, Friend, Comrade: Interview with Patrisse Cullors, Co-Founder of Black Lives Matter,” The Politic, November 28, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://thepolitic.org/activist-friend-comrade-interview-with-patrisse-cullors-co-founder-of-black-lives-matter/
  21. Labor Community Strategy Center, Bus Riders Union. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://thestrategycenter.org/projects/bus-riders-union/
  22. Kannegieter, Trent, Activist, Friend, Comrade: Interview with Patrisse Cullors, Co-Founder of Black Lives Matter,” The Politic, November 28, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://thepolitic.org/activist-friend-comrade-interview-with-patrisse-cullors-co-founder-of-black-lives-matter/
  23. Labor Community Strategy Center, Bus Riders Union. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://thestrategycenter.org/projects/bus-riders-union/
  24. Walcott, Rianna, “How the founder of Black Lives Matter started a global movement,” Dazed, April 5, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020.   https://www.dazeddigital.com/politics/article/39587/1/black-lives-matter-founder-interview-patrisse-khan-cullors
  25. Gonzalez, Juan and Goodman, Amy, ““When They Call You a Terrorist”: The Life of Black Lives Matter Co-Founder Patrisse Khan-Cullors,” Democracy Now, January 16, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.democracynow.org/2018/1/16/when_they_call_you_a_terrorist
  26. Steinbuch, Yaron, “Black Lives Matter co-founder describes herself as ‘trained Marxist’,” New York Post, June 25, 2020. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://nypost.com/2020/06/25/blm-co-founder-describes-herself-as-trained-marxist/
  27. Mike Gonzalez. “To Destroy America.” City Journal. September 1, 2020. Available at: https://www.city-journal.org/article/to-destroy-america
  28. Fessler, Leah, “How the leader of Black Lives Matter defines ‘power’,” Quartz, September 16, 2018. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://qz.com/1391762/black-lives-matter-co-founder-alicia-garzas-definition-of-power/
  29. Baptiste, Nathalie, “Origins of a Movement,” The Nation, Februrary 9, 2017. Accesed August 5, 2020. https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/origins-of-a-movement/
  30. Day, Elizabeth, “#BlackLivesMatter: the birth of a new civil rights movement,” The Guardian, July 19, 2015. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/19/blacklivesmatter-birth-civil-rights-movement
  31. Freelon, Deen, Mcilwain, Charlton D., and Clark, Meredith D., “Beyond the Hashtags,” The Center for Media and Social Impact, February 2016. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://cmsimpact.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/beyond_the_hashtags_2016.pdf
  32. Freelon, Deen, Mcilwain, Charlton D., and Clark, Meredith D., “Beyond the Hashtags,” The Center for Media and Social Impact, February 2016. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://cmsimpact.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/beyond_the_hashtags_2016.pdf
  33. Black Lives Matter. Our Co-Founders. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://blacklivesmatter.com/our-co-founders/
  34. “Seven Years of Growth: BLM’s Co-Founder and Incoming Executive Director Reflects on the Movement.” Black Lives Matter, September 11, 2020. https://blacklivesmatter.com/seven-years-of-growth-blms-co-founder-and-incoming-executive-director-reflects-on-the-movement/.
  35. Thousand Currents, Black Lives Matter. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://thousandcurrents.org/black-lives-matter/
  36. Black Lives Matter, Urgent: Fund the Movement, ActBlue Charities. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://secure.actblue.com/donate/ms_blm_homepage_2019
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  38. Walker, James, “Black Lives Matter Co-Founder Endorses Sanders and Warren, Says It Is Time for Biden to Stand Down,” Newsweek, February 25, 2020. Accessed August 5, 2020.  https://www.newsweek.com/black-lives-matter-co-founder-endorses-sanders-warren-1488912
  39. Steinbuch, Yaron, “Black Lives Matter co-founder describes herself as ‘trained Marxist’,” New York Post, June 25, 2020. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://nypost.com/2020/06/25/blm-co-founder-describes-herself-as-trained-marxist/
  40. Simmons, Ann M. and Kaleem, Jaweed, “Q&A: A founder of Black Lives Matter answers a question on many minds: Where did it go?” Los Angeles Times, August 25, 2017. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-patrisse-cullors-black-lives-matter-2017-htmlstory.html
  41. Scott Walter. “Radical Lives Matter.” Capital Research Center. November 18, 2020. Available at: https://capitalresearch.org/article/radical-lives-matter/
  42. Scott Walter. “Radical Lives Matter.” Capital Research Center. November 18, 2020. Available at: https://capitalresearch.org/article/radical-lives-matter/
  43. Cullors, Patrisse, “Abolition And Reparations: Histories of Resistance, Transformative Justice, And Accountability,” Harvard Law Review, April 10, 2019, Accessed August 5, 2020. https://harvardlawreview.org/2019/04/abolition-and-reparations-histories-of-resistance-transformative-justice-and-accountability/
  44. Patrisse Cullors, About, Accessed August 5, 2020. https://patrissecullors.com/about/
  45. Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk, LA County Election Results, March 3, 2020. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://results.lavote.net/text-results/4085#contest-5
  46. Altic, Josh, “Los Angeles County Measure R approved,” Ballotpedia News. March 5, 2020. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://news.ballotpedia.org/2020/03/05/5858/
  47. Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk, LA County Election Results, March 3, 2020. Accessed August 5, 2020. https://results.lavote.net/text-results/4085#contest-5
  48. King, Maya. “Black Lives Matter Power Grab Sets Off Internal Revolt.” Politico. December 10, 2020. Available at: https://www.politico.com/news/2020/12/10/black-lives-matter-organization-biden-444097
  49. “Statement From the Frontlines of BLM.” Accessed March 16, 2021. Available at: https://www.blmchapterstatement.com/
  50. Kerr, Andrew. “BLM Co-Founder’s Jail Reform Group Dropped $26,000 At Luxury Malibu Beach Resort.” The Daily Caller. The Daily Caller, April 27, 2021. https://dailycaller.com/2021/04/26/reform-la-jails-malibu-beach-resort/.
  51. Vincent, Isabel. “Inside BLM Co-Founder Patrisse Khan-Cullors’ Million-Dollar Real-Estate Buying Binge.” New York Post. New York Post, April 10, 2021. https://nypost.com/2021/04/10/inside-blm-co-founder-patrisse-khan-cullors-real-estate-buying-binge/.
  52. Press, Associated. “BLM’s Patrisse Cullors to Step down from Movement Foundation.” POLITICO. POLITICO, May 27, 2021. https://www.politico.com/news/2021/05/27/black-lives-matter-patrisse-cullors-491275.
  53. Kerr, Andrew. “BLM Co-Founder Patrisse Cullors To Step Down Following DCNF Reports Of Potential Self-Dealing.” The Daily Caller. The Daily Caller, May 28, 2021. https://dailycaller.com/2021/05/27/patrisse-cullors-black-lives-matter-california-2/.
  54. Kerr, Andrew. “Co-Founder Lashes out at Critics as BLM Faces Legal Threats from Blue States.” Washington Examiner. Washington Examiner, February 10, 2022. https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/co-founder-lashes-out-at-critics-as-blm-faces-legal-threats-from-blue-states.
  55. Kerr, Andrew. “Co-Founder Lashes out at Critics as BLM Faces Legal Threats from Blue States.” Washington Examiner. Washington Examiner, February 10, 2022. https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/co-founder-lashes-out-at-critics-as-blm-faces-legal-threats-from-blue-states.
  56. Kerr, Andrew. “Co-Founder Lashes out at Critics as BLM Faces Legal Threats from Blue States.” Washington Examiner. Washington Examiner, February 10, 2022. https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/co-founder-lashes-out-at-critics-as-blm-faces-legal-threats-from-blue-states.
  57. Andrew Kerr. “BLM Co-Founder: Charity Transparency Laws Are ‘Triggering.'” Washington Examiner. April 13, 2022. Available at: https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/blm-co-founder-charity-transparency-laws-are-triggering
  58. Andrew Kerr. “BLM Co-Founder: Charity Transparency Laws Are ‘Triggering.'” Washington Examiner. April 13, 2022. Available at: https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/blm-co-founder-charity-transparency-laws-are-triggering
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