Public Citizen, Inc. is a liberal 501(c)(4) lobbying and advocacy organization created by left-wing activist and former Green Party presidential candidate Ralph Nader.^[1] The organization supports a broad liberal policy agenda focused on opposing to the free-market interests of American business owners.^[2] The organization signed a petition supporting the Green New Deal. ^[3] Public Citizen has repeatedly joined coalitions that oppose nuclear energy (nuclear power plants produce no carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gas emissions). ^{[4] [5]}

Throughout its more than 30-year history Public Citizen touts that it successfully advocated for numerous left-wing policy mandates. The group’s anti-free-market lobbying agenda supports increased government spending^[6] and opposed multiple tax cuts.^[7] The group also touts its support for enacted policies that increased civil liabilities,^[8] and imposed costly environmental mandates^[9] and regulatory red-tape^[10] on businesses.

PC chastises special interest lobbying for undermining the legitimacy of American Democracy.^[11] However, Public Citizen is a lobbying entity^[12] funded by a number of liberal financiers and special interests such as liberal billionaire George Soros, the Carnegie Corporation of New York, and the Rockefeller Foundation.^[13]

Organizational History

Liberal activist and former Green Party presidential candidate Ralph Nader created Public Citizen, Inc. in 1971 to act as a fund-raising conduit for his two other Washington-based organizations, the Center for Study of Responsive Law and the U.S. Public Interest Research Group. Thomas A. Troyer, a tax lawyer, and Paul Gikas, a professor at the University of Michigan Medical School, both served on PC’s initial board of Directors.^[14]

In 2001 Public Citizen distanced itself from its founder Ralph Nader in order to avoid criticisms from Democrats who believed Nader’s Green Party presidential candidacy cost Democratic nominee Al Gore the presidency in 2000.^[15]

Programs

Public Citizen uses lobbying, litigation, research, and advocacy^[16] to push a broad liberal policy agenda opposed to free-market interests.^[17]

According to its annual tax filings, in 2015 Public Citizen, Inc. funded three main programs. Congress Watch pressures Congress and lobbies for anti-free market legislation,^[18] Global Trade Watch advocates for nationalist protectionism, ^[19] and a communications and outreach program supporting the organization’s wide range of left-wing policy goals.^[20]

Public Citizen Foundation

Also see Public Citizen Foundation (nonprofit)

Public Citizen Foundation supports the lobbying and advocacy efforts of Public Citizen,^[21] Inc. sharing the costs for the Public Citizen, Inc.’s programs, while also funding a Litigation Group program, the Health Research Program, and the Energy Program.^[22]

Public Citizen runs many of its campaigns in coordination with other left-of-center advocacy groups. In 2017, the group teamed up with Sierra Club, Greenpeace, Safe Climate Campaign, and Environment America to push for environmentalist mandates on auto manufacturers.^[23] In 2016, Public Citizen partnered with over a hundred liberal advocacy groups and labor unions including Planned Parenthood, U.S. Public Interest Research Group, and a number of labor unions including the AFL-CIO, American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), Service Employees International Union (SEIU), and American Federation of Teachers (AFT) to oppose numerous conservative budget policies and to support corporate regulations.^[24]

Lobbying Activities

Since 2007, Public Citizen has spent over $2.4 million lobbying Congress^[25] and federal agencies^[26]on 460 bills.^[27] The group’s anti-free-market lobbying agenda supports increased government spending; expanded civil, environmental, and regulatory burdens; and a wide array of other left-wing policy prerogatives.^[28]

Public Citizen claims to have successfully lobbied against multiple tax cuts,^[29] in favor of retaining the death tax,^[30] and against policies that would have limited federal spending.^[31] In 2017, the group expressed “outrage” at the passage of a Republican-backed tax cut package,^[32] and the group’s President Robert Weissman opposed the 35% decrease in the corporate tax rate.^[33]

In 1975, Public Citizen successfully lobbied Congress for environmentalist legislation, including fuel economy mandates for cars.^[34] In 1980 the group pushed for the Superfund law, which exposed corporations to unlimited liability for environmental cleanup efforts.^[35] It fought against President Ronald Reagan’s efforts to reign in environmentalist regulations,^[36] and the group claims to have played a major role in President Barack Obama’s 2012 decision to reject the Keystone XL pipeline.^[37]

Public Citizen claims to have successfully pushed congress and federal agencies to implement numerous other regulations banning products,^[38] extending labor protections,^[39] and opposing the deregulation of electric utilities.^[40] It also touts that it helped create new federal regulatory agencies such as the Consumer Product Safety Commission^[41] and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.^[42]

In 2020, Public Citizen co-signed a letter addressed to president Donald Trump which advocated for hiring Federal Election Commission (FEC) Commissioners to reach quorum and to enforce election laws.

Opposition to Nuclear Energy

Nuclear power plants produce no carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gas emissions, and as of 2021 accounted for 20 percent of American electricity production—the largest source of zero carbon electricity in the United States. ^[43] An October 2018 proposal from The Nature Conservancy noted that zero-carbon nuclear plants produced 7.8 of total world energy output and recommended reducing carbon emissions by increasing nuclear capacity to 33 percent of total world energy output. ^[44]

Public Citizen was one of more than 600 co-signing organizations on a January 2019 open letter to Congress titled “Legislation to Address the Urgent Threat of Climate Change.” The signatories declared their support for new laws to bring about “100 percent decarbonization” of the transportation sector but denounced nuclear power as an example of “dirty energy” that should not be included in any legislation promoting the use of so-called “renewable energy.”^[45]

Public Citizen was one of more than 100 co-signatories on a November 2020 letter to the U.S. Senate that expressed opposition to S. 4897, the “American Nuclear Infrastructure Act of 2020.” The letter stated that nuclear power “amplifies and expands the dangers of climate change” and denounced it as an example of “false solutions to the climate crisis that perpetuate our reliance on dirty energy industries.” ^[46]

Funding

Public Citizen chastises special interest lobbying for undermining the legitimacy of American Democracy.^[47] However, it has received funding from a number of left-wing organizations including George Soros’ Open Society Foundations (formerly the Open Society Institute), the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the Ford Foundation, the Foundation for Deep Ecology, the Joyce Foundation, the Public Welfare Foundation, the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, the Rockefeller Foundation, the Schumann Center for Media and Democracy, and the Surdna Foundation.^[48]

The group also often chastises “Dark Money” organizations that air electioneering communications without fully disclosing their donors.^[49] But Public Citizen is registered as a 501(c)(4) lobbying group and touts that it has run ads against President Donald Trump,^[50] including one internet attack ad titled “An Honest Campaign Ad.”^[51] The group also touts that in 2003 it ran a special website attacking President George W. Bush’s 2004 re-election campaign for taking alleged special-interest contributions. ^[52]

Public Citizen touts that it has sought to lead other left-of-center allies in a unified fight against President Trump.^[53] It has sharply criticized President Trump’s decision to roll back multiple environmentalist policy mandates,^[54][55]opposed his repeal of numerous regulations,^[56] and was critical of the President’s budget.^[57]

People

Robert Weissman has served as president of Public Citizen since 2009. Prior to joining Public Citizen, Weissman was executive director at Essential Action where he pushed for stringent legislative and regulatory actions against banks and other companies.^[58]

Public Citizen, Inc.’s board of directors includes high profile trial attorneys Andrew Friedman, Shannon Liss-Riordan, and Jason B. Adkins.^[59]